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Medical Anatomy > Sensations And Special Senses > Flashcards

Sensations And Special Senses Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
0
Q

Integrative

A

Processes the sensory information and coordinates the appropriate response

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1
Q

Sensory

A

Monitoring the body and external environment for changing coordinations

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2
Q

Motor

A

Stimulates and carries out the response

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3
Q

Mechanoreceptors

A

Respond to movement or mechanical or physical change

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4
Q

Thermoreceptors

A

Respond to temperature

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5
Q

Nociceptors

A

Respond to pain

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6
Q

Photoreceptors

A

Respond to changes in light

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7
Q

Chemoreceptors

A

Respond to chemical changes

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8
Q

General senses

A 
General somatic senses
General pathway to brain
Touch and pressure
Temperature
Pain
Body position
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9
Q

First order neuron

A

Connects the receptor to the spinal cord

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10
Q

Second order neuron

A

Conducts the stimulus to the thalamus in the brain

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11
Q

Third order neuron

A

Conducts stimulus from thalamus to cerebral cortex for processing

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12
Q

Special senses

A 
Complex organs and structures
Smell
Taste
Sight
Hearing
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13
Q

Taste buds

A

Sweet tip of tongue
Sour sides of the tongue
Bitter back of tongue
Salty front sides of tongue

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14
Q

Conjunctiva

A

Mucous membrane of the eyelid

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15
Q

Lysosome

A

Enzyme that fights against infection in tears

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16
Q

Fibrous tunic

A

Outermost layer

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17
Q

Vascular tunic

A

Middle layer supplies blood to structures of eye

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18
Q

Nervous tunic

A

Innermost layer

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19
Q

Sclera

A

Posterior white portion

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20
Q

Cornea

A

The anterior transparent portion bulges outward slightly

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21
Q

Choroid

A

Posterior thin dark brown membrane that lines surface of sclera

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22
Q

Ciliary body

A

Thick smooth muscle attaches to lens and influences the shape and thickness

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23
Q

Iris

A

Colored portion

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24
Q

Lens

A

Focuses and directs light entering the eye

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25
Q

Retina

A

Thin layer forms the lining of eyeball contains rods and cones

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26
Q

Optic nerve

A

Transmits images to occipital love for brain to interpret

27
Q

Rods

A

Elongated cylindrical very sensitive to brightness conditions night vision

28
Q

Cones

A

Dendrites with tapered ends determines sharpness of vision

29
Q

Optic disc

A

Blind spot where optic nerve exits retina

30
Q

Fovea centralis

A

Area of retina containing cone cells

31
Q

Anterior chamber

A

Between cornea and iris

32
Q

Posterior chamber

A

Between iris and lens

33
Q

Posterior cavity

A

Space behind lens

34
Q

Aqueous humor

A

Fluid in from of lens

35
Q

Vitreous humor

A

Fluid behind the lens

36
Q

Astigmatism

A

Unequal curvature of the cornea

37
Q

Strabismus

A

Cross eyed condition

38
Q

Outer ear

A

Direct sound waves toward eardrum

39
Q

Auricle

A

Outer appendage

40
Q

Auditory canal

A

A tube that extends into temporal bone

41
Q

Middle ear

A

Filled with space

42
Q

Tympanic cavity

A

Houses the auditory ossicles

43
Q

Smallest bones in body

A

Malleus hammer
Incus anvil
Stapes stirrup

44
Q

Auditory tube

A

A tube from middle ear to pharynx

45
Q

Tympanic membrane or eardrum

A

Thin barrier separating outer and middle ear

46
Q

Semicircular canals

A

Three loops that lie at angle

47
Q

Vestibule

A

Chamber between cochlea and semicircular canals

48
Q

Cochlea

A

Shape resembles a snail shell

49
Q

Bony labyrinth

A

Canals within temporal bone

50
Q

Membranous labyrinth

A

Serious of sacs and tubes

51
Q

Static equilibrium

A

Sensation of body position

52
Q

Anosmia

A

Inability to smell

53
Q

Myopia

A

Nearsightedness

54
Q

Presbyopia

A

A defect in vision age

55
Q

Hyperopia

A

Farsightedness

56
Q

Cataracts

A

Blurry or cloudy lens

57
Q

Glaucoma

A

Pressure in eye which less to blindness

58
Q

Macular degeneration

A

Tearing away of retina from back of eye

59
Q

Vertigo

A

Condition of dizziness

60
Q

Tinnitis

A

Tinkling sounds in ear

61
Q

Aphasia

A

Inability to speak

62
Q

Actaphasia

A

Inability to express thoughts in a manner

63
Q

Achromaropsia

A

Total color blindness

64
Q

Dementia

A

Mental deterioration

Medical Anatomy (1 decks)

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