Sensation and perception Flashcards
What is the correct sequence of the six processes in sensation and perception?
- Reception
- Transduction
- Transmission
- Selection
- Organisation
- Interpretation
Define the process of Reception
The stimulus energy collected by the sense organ
Define the process of Transduction
The stimulus energy is converted by the receptor cell into electrochemical nerve impulses
Define the process of Transmission
The receptor cells send the nerve impulses to the primary sensory cortex where specialised receptor cells respond as the process of perception begins.
Define the process of Selection
We can’t possibly pay attention to all the millions of stimuli that we receive at the same time, so we pick out the ones that are important to us and pay attention to those.
Define the process of Organisation
When the information reaches the brain, it is reorganised so that we can make sense of it.
Define the process of Interpretation
How or what we interpret the stimulus information, this interpretation is largely based on past experience and context of the situation.
Define Sensation
Sensation is a biological process that is similar for everyone, by which the sense organs and receptors detect and respond to sensory information. The info may be internal or external and is sent to our brain to be interpreted.
Define Perception
Perception is an individual reaction to stimuli, perception is our personal interpretation of sensory information.
What are the five sensory systems and what are their sensory organs?
Vision - Eyes Hearing - Ears Smell - Nose Taste - Mouth Touch - Skin
What is the stimulus energy for the Five sense?
Vision - Electromagnetic energy (light energy)
Hearing - Sound frequencies
Taste/Smell - Chemical stimuli
Touch - Kinetic
Give definitions for the two photo receptors in the human retina
Rods - They are responsible for vision at low levels of light and peripheral vision, they are at the edges of the retina and have a low ability for being able to register detail, there are 125000000 in each eye. They only register black and white and are most sensitive to light approximately 500 nm wavelength.
Cones - They are in the middle of the retina and are responsible for vision of detail and colour vision (and black-and-white vision in the day time. They require high levels of light to respond, there are 6500000 in each eye.
What are the five primary tastes and give and example for each one
Sweet - Candy Sour - Greek yogurt Unami (savory) - Rice Bitter - Lemon Salty - Chips
define the sequence of the six processes in sensation and perception in vision.
Reception - Stimuli is received by the photo receptors.
Transduction - The receptors change the electromagnetic energy into energy that can be transported across fibers in the brain to the visual cortex, also known as neural impulses.
Transmission - The neural impulses travel along the optic nerve to the occipital lobe where the visual cortex is.
Selection - Specialised neurons filter and process important pieces of the stimuli.
Organisation - The important pieces of the image are put together to make a whole.
Interpretation - Enables us to understand what we are looking at, from past experience we are able to understand what we see.
What is a perceptual set?
In psychology, a set is a group of expectations that shape experience by making people especially sensitive to specific kinds of information. A perceptual set, also called perceptual expectancy.
