Sensation And Perception Flashcards
hearing
ear collects, translates, and transmits energy from vibration to brain
Vision
Eye collects, translates, and transmits energy from light to brain
taste and smell
chemical sense transmit info from nose and tongue to brain
body senses
translate and transmit temperature, touch, pain, and info from joints and such to brain
inner ear
for balance
sensation
receiving sensory messages
process of receiving translating and transmitting messages from the outside world to the brain
stimulus
any aspect of the world that influences our behavior or conscious experience
sensory receptor cells
cells in sense organs are activated to take in messages
perception
process of organizing and interpreting info in a meaningful way
psychological process of giving meaning to what was sensed
sensation is
physical experience of seeing, hearing, or sensing in some other way
absolute threshold
weakest level of sensory stimulation necessary for sensation to occur
difference threshold
just noticeable difference
the smallest difference between two stimuli that is detectable
sensory adaptation
weakened magnitude of a sensation when we have prolonged expossure to stimuli
selective attention
affects which stimuli we notice
psychophysics
specialty area of psych that studies sensory limits, adaptation, and related topics. They try to quantify just noticeable differences.
top down processing
importance of context in determining how we perceive objects
*****big picture down to tiny detail
visual illusion
visual stimuli in which the clues used in visual percpetion create a false or incorrect perception
pitch
how high or low a sound is based upon the frequency of the sound waves
intensity
how loud the sound is
hearing measured in
decibels
the mcgurk effect
perceptual phenomeon that demonstrates an interaction between hearing and vision in speech perception
cutaneous receptors
nerve recpetors in the skin that respond to pressure, temp, or pain
what lets us know sensation
skin
kinesthetic receptors
in muscles, joints, and skin that provide info about movement, posture, and orientation to brain
olfaction
sense of smell
most animal like
gustation
sense of taste
taste buds
chemical recpetors on tongue that decode molecules of food or drink to identify
congenital insensitivity to pain with Anhidrosis
condition which a person is unable to feel pain
cant tell if sick or injured
rare
cause;extra production of endorphin in the brain
genetic
treatments; naloxone; allows nerves to be stimulated
subliminal perception
you recieve and respond to info and instructions without being aware
used in advertisments and also with hearing
extrasensory perception
sensed without using 5 senses psychic precognition- predict future clairvoyance- know where objects are hidden telepathy-read minds
synethesia
stimulation of one sense causes another sense an automatic experience
genetic
2 out of 5 percent
see sounds, taste words,and feel sensation on skin from scents
similarity perception
states that parts of visual stimulus that are perceived as belonging together
shape constancy
ablility to perceive an object as having the same shape regardless of the angle it is seen at
proximity
objects that are closer to each other are part of the same group
space constancy
ability to keep objects in the environment steady by perceiving either ouselves or outside objects as moving
closure principle
states that incomplete figures of familiar objects tend to be perceived as wholes
brightness constancy
ability to keep an object’s brightness constant as the object is moved
depth perception
to see the relation of objects in space
visual cliff
apparatus used to demonstrate depth perception
ponzo
railroad
yellow lines are the same size they appear to be longer than they are
zollner
fence
straight lines appear to move even though they are static
muller-lyer
size constancy
ames room
boy larger than man
raise floor and ceiling to cause illusion
poggendorf
involves the misperception of the position of intersecting lines
titchener
circles
