Sensation and Perception Flashcards
What is sensation?
The process by which our sensory receptors and nervous system receive and represent stimulus inputs from our environment.
What is perception?
The process of organizing and interpreting sensory information, enabling us to recognize meaningful objects and events.
What are the four outcomes in signal detection?
- MISS
- FALSE ALARM
- HIT
- CORRECT REJECTION
What is top-down processing?
Using models, ideas, and expectations to interpret sensory information.
What is bottom-up processing?
Taking sensory information and then assembling and integrating it.
What is the path of light in the eye?
Light enters through the pupil, is inverted by the lens, and is converted to electrical signals by the retina.
What is binocular disparity?
The difference in images between the two eyes that helps in depth perception.
What are the two types of visual receptor cells in the retina?
- Rods
- Cones
What do rods in the retina assist with?
Vision in dim light.
What do cones in the retina assist with?
Color and detail perception.
What is dark adaptation?
The process that takes around 30 minutes for the eyes to adjust from bright to dark conditions.
What are afterimages?
Visual sensations that remain after the original stimulus has been removed.
What occurs in the cochlea during hearing?
Hair receptor cells convert vibrations to electrical signals.
What are the perceptual attributes of sound?
- Pitch
- Loudness
- Timbre
What is the primary somatosensory cortex responsible for?
Processing sensory information related to touch.
What are the types of somatosensation?
- Touch
- Pain
- Temperature
What does olfaction refer to?
The perception of chemicals (odorants) in the air or mouth.
What does gustation refer to?
The perception of chemicals (tastants) in contact with the tongue.
What is chemosensory perception?
The interaction of taste and smell to create flavor.
What is anosmia?
The loss of smell that impairs flavor perception.
What are other senses beyond the basic five?
- Vestibular (balance)
- Interoception
