Sensation and perception

Question 1

Sensation

Answer 1

the process of our sensory organs receiving information from our environment and sending it to relevant parts of brain to be interpreted

Question 2

Processes when forming memories
(1. Reception)

Answer 2

Physical stimuli (light) is detected by sensory receptors in the eyes. the retina contains photoreceptors which detect visual stimuli

Question 3

Processes when forming memories
(2. Transduction)

Answer 3

Light energy is converted to electrochemical nerve impulses by rods and cones and sent along the optic nerve to the brain

Question 4

Rods (125,000,000 in each eye)

Answer 4

responsible for vision in low light, located at the edges of retina and responsible for peripheral vision, they can’t register detail and only register in black and white

Question 5

Cones (6,500,000 in each eye)

Answer 5

Require high levels of light to respond and detect visual details, concentrated in the centre of the retina and responsible for colour vision

Question 6

Processes when forming memories
(3. Transmission)

Answer 6

rods and cones send the nerve impulses along the optic nerve to the primary visual cortex in the occipital lobes to interpret visual information

Question 7

Perception

Answer 7

Process where brain interprets and organises sensory information

Question 8

Feature detectors

Answer 8

filters the stimulus by responding to specific stimuli and ignoring the rest

Question 9

Process when interpreting information
(4. selection)

Answer 9

Stimuli image is broken up by specialised cells called feature detectors

Question 10

Process when interpreting information
(5. Organisation)

Answer 10

Visual cortex in brain recognises information so we can make sense of it …

Question 11

Organization
Visual perception principles
Perceptual constancies

Answer 11

To see familiar objects as having a constant shape, size and colour regardless of changes in angle, distance or lighting

Question 12

Organization
Visual perception principles
Gestalt principles

Answer 12

Humans group together similar elements, recognise patterns and simplify complex images

Question 13

Organization
Visual perception principles
Depth cues

Answer 13

Monocular depth cues - information about the depth that can be judged only using one eye
Binocular depth cues - information about depth that uses both eyes and understands 3D space

Question 14

Process when interpreting information
(6. Interpretation)

Answer 14

visual stimuli is given meaning, the temporal lobes identify the stimuli by comparing incoming information with information already stored in memory - past experiences can help us understand what we’re looking at

Question 15

Role of temporal lobe in memory

Answer 15

applies meaning to visual stimuli based on memory - damage may cause people to be unable to recognize an object or face

Question 16

Role parietal lobe in memory

Answer 16

Judges location of stimulus in space- damage can cause issues in a persons perspective of distance of an object