Sensation and Perception

Question 1

Sensation

Answer 1

process by which sensory receptors receive and represent stimuli from our environment

Question 2

Perception

Answer 2

process of organizing and interpreting sensory information

Question 3

In relation to sensation and perception, what does experience of the world depend on?

Answer 3

1. Physical stimuli we encounter
2. Active processing of stimuli inputs

Question 4

There must be ______ energy for us to see

Answer 4

light

Question 5

The stimulus input is______?

Answer 5

Light

Question 6

pulses of ______ energy strike your eye allowing your visual system to perceive colors

Answer 6

electromagnetic

Question 7

where does light enter the eye?

Answer 7

Cornea

Question 8

what is the corneas job?

Answer 8

to protect the eye and to bend light as it comes out to provide focus

Question 9

What happens after the light enters the eye through the cornea?

Answer 9

The light passes through the pupil to a lens that focuses incoming light rays to an image on the retina

Question 10

What does the Iris do?

Answer 10

constricts of dilates depending on the amount of light present in the environment

Question 11

Nearsightedness

Answer 11

When your distance of light falls short of retina

can see things up close clearly but far away things are blurry

Question 12

Farsightedness

Answer 12

When your focus of light falls beyond the retina

(things far away are clear but up close are blurry)

Question 13

Retina

Answer 13

Neural tissue lining the inside back surface of the eye

Question 14

What does the Retina do?

Answer 14

Absorbs light, processes images, and sends visual information to the brain for further processing

(Transforms patterns of light into different representations of a scene)

Question 15

What are the names of the receptor cells in the outer layer of the Retina?

Answer 15

Rods and Cones

Question 16

What are Rods critical for?

Answer 16

Critical for playing a key role in our night vision they are necessary for peripheral vision

Question 17

What are Cones critical for?

Answer 17

Daytime vision, detecting fine detail, giving rise to color sensations.

Question 18

room for retina flow chart thing

Question 19

Where does color reside?

our brain or the object?

Answer 19

our brain

Question 20

True or False: When we see color its about perception?

Answer 20

TRUE

Question 21

What are the two stages to processing color?

Answer 21

1. Respond to different color stimuli
2. Signals are processed by opponent opposite cells

Question 22

Young-Helmholtz Trichromatic Theory

Answer 22

Retina has three types of color receptors: red green and blue. When we stimulate red cones we see red. We can stimulate multiple cones at ones to see other colors besides the prime 3

Question 23

Opponent-Process Theory

Answer 23

Opposing retinal processes (red-green, yellow-blue, white-black) enable color vision

Question 24

True or False: Cultural perception clouds the way we see things

Answer 24

TRUE

Question 25

Gestalt perception

Answer 25

An organized whole, way of clustering sensations to organize them

Question 26

Gestalt principles

Answer 26

series of principles that explain how the visual system organizes a scene into meaningful ways

Question 27

Figure and Ground

Answer 27

[We constantly look at things as a figure or focal point against a background]

this same stimulus can trigger more than one perception

Depending on what you perceive as the figure and the ground depends on what you will see

Question 28

Principle of Proximity

Answer 28

We effortlessly group nearby objects together to help us make sense of what we are seeing

(nearby objects are grouped together)

Question 29

Principle of Similarity

Answer 29

Similar figures are grouped together

Question 30

Principle of Continuity

Answer 30

We see things as continuous even in the lack of evidence

(perceive smooth, continuous objects)

Question 31

Principle of Simplicity

Answer 31

Organize elements in the simplest way possible

Question 32

Principle of Closure

Answer 32

Gaps are filled to create a complete, whole object

Question 33

Do the Gestalt principles work simultaneously?

Answer 33

yes

Question 34

How are we able to estimate objects distance from us?

Answer 34

3 dimensional viewing

Question 35

What is a critical experiment that displayed how depth perception develops?

Answer 35

Gibson and Walk visual cliff experiments