Sensation

Question 1

sensation

Answer 1

When we detect information using our organs (sense) (eyes,ears,nose,skin,tongue) to send information to the brain.

Question 2

Perception

Answer 2

How the brain organizes and interprets raw sensory inputs.

Question 3

transduction

Answer 3

Process where sensory stimuli are converted to signals the brain can interpret.

Question 4

rods

Answer 4

Sensory Receptor cell located in retina. Detect Light and dark contrast. Respond at very low levels of light. (night vision) Poor at fine detail and don’t support color vision.

Question 5

cones

Answer 5

: Sensory Receptor cell located in retina. Detect different colors. Responsible for vision under brighter conditions and for seeing both color and detail.

Question 6

optic nerve

Answer 6

Connects the eye to the brain. Carries impulses formed by the retina and dispatches them through the optic nerve to the brain, which interprets them as images.

Question 7

Visual cortex

Answer 7

The part of the cerebral cortex that receives and processes sensory nerve impulses from the eye.

Question 8

occipital lobes

Answer 8

Regions of the cerebral cortex-at the back of the brain-important for vision.

Question 9

Gestalt Psychology

Answer 9

Tells us how we organize features of a visual scene. a school of thought that looks at the human mind and behavior as a whole. The whole is more than the sum of its parts. (Car as a whole not as metal, rubber, glass, tires, hubcaps etc.)

Question 10

Figure/ground relationship

Answer 10

How sensory information is organized into figure (Stands out more-more important) and Ground (background-less important) Ex: Words on a printed paper are seen as the “figure” (more important) and the white sheet as the “Background” (less important)

Question 11

Reversible Figures

Answer 11

An unclear figure where the perspective easily shifts so that at certain times specific elements appear to make up a distinct figure while at others, those same elements appear as an indistinct background

Question 12

Perceptual Grouping Principles

Answer 12

Laws of: Proximity, Similarity, Continuity, Closure

Question 13

Proximity

Answer 13

The closer 2 figures are to each other, the more likely we are to group them and see them as part of the same object.

Question 14

Similarity

Answer 14

Group figures according to how closely they resemble each other. (Shape size color or orientation)

Question 15

Continuity

Answer 15

Group together edges or contours that have the same orientation. Completing an object hidden behind another.

Question 16

Closure

Answer 16

Completing figures that have gaps

Question 17

Sensory Adaptation

Answer 17

A decrease in sensitivity to a constant level of stimulation. (chair- 1st sit realize chair is holding you up. After a few minutes you don’t even notice the chair anymore, although it is sill there)

Question 18

Selective Attention

Answer 18

Concentration on certain stimuli and not others.

Question 19

Cocktail Party Effect

Answer 19

Ability to concentrate on one stimuli while at the same time filtering out a range of other stimuli.

Question 20

Inattentional Blindness

Answer 20

The failure to notice a fully-visible, but unexpected object because attention was engaged on another task, event or object.

Question 21

Top-down

Answer 21

Interpretation of senstaion is influenced by available knowledge, experiences and thoughts. Use context to give meaning. More likely to see what we expect to see.

Question 22

Bottom-up

Answer 22

System in which perceptions are built from sensory input. No context or prior influence.

Question 23

Perceptual Illusion

Answer 23

The perception of something objectively existing in such a way as to cause misinterpretation of its actual nature. (ie: young girl and old lady)

Question 24

Motion-after Effect

Answer 24

is a visual illusion experienced after viewing a moving visual stimulus for a time.

Question 25

McGurk Effect

Answer 25

Visual info and audio info are in conflict with each other. We tend to trust our eyes more than ears. When we have a conflict between visual nd audio perception we must resolve