Sensation Flashcards

1
Q
  • are mind’s window to thw world thay exists around us.
  • occurs when special receptors in the sense organs are activated
A

Sensations

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2
Q

This process of converting outside stimuli, such as light, into neutral activity

A

Transduction

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3
Q

Are specialized forms of neurons, the cells that make up the nervous system.

A

Sensory receptors

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4
Q

A condition that means “joined sensation”

A

Synesthesia

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5
Q
  • did studies trying to determine the smallest difference between two weights that could be detected.
  • His research led to the formulation known as “Weber’s law of just noticeable differences (JND or the difference threshold)
A

Ernst Weber

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6
Q
  • expanded on Weber’s work by studying something he called “absolute threshold”
A

Gustav Fechner

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7
Q

is the lowest level of stimulation that a person can consciously detect 50 percent of the time the stimulation is present

A

Absolute Threshold

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8
Q

Stimuli below the level of conscious awareness

(the word limin means threshold)

A

Subliminal stimuli

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9
Q

Many people believe these stimuli act on the unconscious mind, influencing behavior in a process called

A

Subliminal perception

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10
Q

Demonstrated the power of subliminal perception in advertising.

A

James Vicary

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11
Q
  • ERPs
  • fMRI
A
  • Event-related potentials
  • functional magnetic resonance imaging
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12
Q

is used to compare our judgments, or the decisions we make, under uncertain conditions.

A

Signal detection theory

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13
Q

It is the way the brain deals with unchanging information from the environment.

A

Habituation

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14
Q

Is another process by which constant, unchanging inofrmation from the sensory receptors is effectively ignored.

A

Sensory Adaptation

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15
Q
  • There’s a constant movement of the eyes, tiny little vibrations called
  • or saccadic movements
A

Microsaccades

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16
Q

First proposed that light is actually tiny “packets” of waves.

A

Albert Einstein

17
Q
  • These “wave packets” are called
  • have specific wavelengths associated with them
18
Q

Three aspects to our perception of light:

A

Brightness
Color
Saturation

19
Q

is determined by the amplitude of the wave — how high or low the wave actually is.

A

Brightness

20
Q

Is largely determined by the length of wave.

A

Color or Hue

21
Q

are found at the blue end of the visible spectrum

A

Short wavelength

22
Q

are found at the red end.

A

longer wavelengths

23
Q

refers to the purity of the color people perceive.

A

Saturation

24
Q

The surface of the eye is covered in a clear membrane

25
Q
  • PRK
  • LASIK
A
  • Photoreactive Keratectomy
  • Laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis
26
Q

the next visual layer is a clear, watery fluid

A

Aqueous humor

27
Q

The light from the visual image then enters the interior of the eye through a hole, called ___, in a round muscle called__

A

Pupil ; Iris

28
Q

Behind the iris, suspended by muscles, is another clear structure

29
Q

In a process called _____, the lens changes its shape from thick to thin, enabling it to focus on objects that are close or far away.

A

Visual accommodation