semester test study guide- english

Question 1

what is theme?

Answer 1

the central idea of a text

Question 2

Noun

Answer 2

person, place, thing, or idea – EX: Mrs. Boles

Question 3

Adjective

Answer 3

a word that describes a noun – EX: pretty

Question 4

Verb

Answer 4

the action of the sentence (or state of being) – EX: ponders

Question 5

Adverb

Answer 5

a word that describes a verb – EX: deeply

Question 6

Inferring

Answer 6

To make a deduction or conclusion based on evidence.
Example: John lowered his head and slowly walked away from the group. **One can infer that John has been shamed or saddened by something said in the group.

Question 7

context clues

Answer 7

hints found within a sentence, paragraph, or passage that a reader can use to understand the meanings of new or unfamiliar words.
Example: The crowd gathered in the park to commemorate the firefighters’ sacrifice. ** Using context clues, one can see that commemoration means honoring the memory of the firefighter.

Question 8

1st person pov

Answer 8

When the narrator is a character in the story. EX: “I told him my side of
the story”

Question 9

2nd person pov

Answer 9

When the narrator is speaking to the reader as if he/she is a character.
EX: “You told them your side of the story.”

Question 10

3rd person limited

Answer 10

When there is an outside narrator and the reader is privy to one
character’s thoughts and feelings. EX: “Jill thought he was guilty as charged.”

Question 11

3rd person omniscient

Answer 11

When there is an outside narrator and the reader is privy to
all of the characters’ thoughts and feelings. EX: “Jill thought he was guilty, but Bill knew he did nothing wrong.”

Question 12

3rd person objective

Answer 12

When there is an outside narrator and the reader is NOT privy
to any of the characters’ thoughts or feelings; the reader must make an inference.
EX: “The accused was seen running away from the injured man.”

Question 13

Exposition

Answer 13

the background information, setting, and introduction to the characters

Question 14

rising action

Answer 14

The inciting conflict and all attempts to overcome the conflict

Question 15

climax

Answer 15

The culmination of all those attempts/the turning point of the text

Question 16

falling action

Answer 16

The events that lead up to the resolution

Question 17

resolution

Answer 17

the closure of the context

Question 18

Imagery

Answer 18

Details that describe the way things look, smell, taste, feel, and sound. EX: The rotting stench of the animal carcass made me want to throw up.

Question 19

mood

Answer 19

The feeling a reader gets from the story. EX: The reader may feel repulsed by the description of the animal carcass.

Question 20

tone

Answer 20

The author’s attitude toward the subject he/she is writing about. You can tell the tone of the writing by the words the author uses (diction) toward that subject. EX: If a person were to receive rude service from a waiter, that person might write a harsh letter to the manager regarding that bad treatment.

Question 21

clause

Answer 21

Basically, a complete sentence that contains a subject and a predicate.
Independent clause - a sentence that is complete and can stand alone. EX: I like pizza.
Dependent clause - contains a subordinating clause (AWUBIS word) that makes the
sentence incomplete and can NOT stand alone. EX: Because I like pizza,

Question 22

characterization

Answer 22

The act of characterizing or describing the individual quality of a person or thing.

Question 23

STEAL

Answer 23

a technique used to help analyze a character. Each letter represents a quality about a character in which you can make inferences about what type of person that character is.
speech, thoughts, effect, actions, looks

Question 24

conflict types

Answer 24

Man vs. Man, Man vs. Society, Man vs. Nature, Man vs. Technology, Man vs. super natural, Man vs. self