Semester Test Flashcards

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0
Q

The shape of an Apple is a

A

Physical property

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1
Q

Three examples of physical change are?

A

Boiling of water cutting a wire and crumpling a piece of paper

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2
Q

When a log burns in a fire…

A

A chemical change occurs

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3
Q

When 2 or more substances are combined so each substance can be separated by physical means the result is a

A

Mixture

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4
Q

Matter that has a definite volume and a definite shape is a

A

Solid

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5
Q

Matter in which atoms are tightly held in place is a

A

Solid

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7
Q

A gas like mixture with no definite volume or shape is made up of positively and negatively charged particles that produce their own light and heat is called a

A

Plasma

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8
Q

Matter with no definite volume and no definite shape is a

A

Gas

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9
Q

Matter that has a definite volume but no definite shape is a

A

Liquid

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10
Q

Matter in which the particles are free to move in all directions until they have spread evenly throughout their container is a

A

Gas

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11
Q

Most matter ____ when heated

A

Expands

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12
Q

The theoretical point at which all molecular motion stops is called

A

Absolute zero

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13
Q

The amount of energy it takes to change a material from a liquid to a gas is called the heat of

A

Vaporization

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14
Q

According to ____ if you decrease the volume of a container of gas and hold the temp constant the pressure of the gas will rise

A

Boyle’s law

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15
Q

According to ____ the volume of gas increases with increasing temp as long as pressure does not change

A

Charles law

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16
Q

The most common state of matter in the universe is

A

Plasma

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17
Q

Increasing what raises the boiling point of a liquid

A

Pressure

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18
Q

A fluids resistance to flow is called

A

Viscosity

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19
Q

As the temp of a gas increases the volume of a gas will what if the pressure remains the same

A

Increase

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20
Q

As the volume of a gas increases the pressure of the gas will what if the temp remains the same

A

Decrease

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21
Q

Each inner energy level of an atom has a maximum Number of what it can hold

A

Electrons

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22
Q

Dot diagrams are used to represent what

A

Isotopes

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23
Q

Particles of matter that make up protons and neutrons are called

A

Quarks

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24
Q

A chemical symbol represents the _____ of an element

A

Name

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25
Q

Horizontal rows on the periodic table are called

A

Periods

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26
Q

Atoms of the same element with different Numbers of neutrons are called

A

Isotopes

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27
Q

A particle that moves around the nucleus is a

A

Electron

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28
Q

Elements that are gases are brittle and are poor conductors at room temp are

A

Nonmetals

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29
Q

A certain atom with 26 protons and electrons and 30 neutrons would have an atomic mass of

A

56

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30
Q

A type of radioactive particle that can be stopped by a sheet of paper is the

A

Alpha particle

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31
Q

The most penetrating type of radiation is the

A

Gamma ray

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32
Q

A helium nucleus with 2 protons and 2 neutrons is called

A

Alpha particle

33
Q

Negatively charges particles emitted from a nucleus at a high speed are

A

Beta particles

34
Q

He process by which nuclei having low masses are united to form nuclei with larger masses is

A

Nuclear fusion

35
Q

The three types of nuclear radiation in increasing order of penetrating power are

A

Alpha beta gamma

36
Q

Both a fusion reaction and a fission reaction

A

Produce energy

37
Q

Neutrons released Ina fission reaction can strike other nuclei and cause

A

A chain reaction

38
Q

The process by which iodine particles change directly to gas without first becoming a liquid is called

A

Sublimation

39
Q

Elements that form salts by combining with metals are

A

Halogens

40
Q

Different forms of the same element that have different properties bc of different atoms arrangements are called

A

Allotropes

41
Q

An allotrope of carbon that is hard and is often used in jewelry is

A

Diamond

42
Q

A chemical family whose members exist as reactive diatomic molecules in the gaseous phase is the

A

Halogens

43
Q

The elements in groups 3-12 of the periodic table are the

A

Transition metals

44
Q

A family of elements that has 2 electrons in its outer energy level is the

A

Alkaline earth metals

45
Q

Metals can be used as a wire bc they are

A

Metallic

46
Q

Bromine is the only halogen and nonmetal that is normally a

A

Liquid

47
Q

The only metal that is a liquid at room temp is

A

Mercury

48
Q

All synthetic elements are

A

Radioactive

49
Q

The noble gases are in

A

Group 18

50
Q

Elements that lie along the stair step line of the periodic table are

A

Metalloids

51
Q

The appearance of solid metals can be described as

A

Shiny

52
Q

A family of elements that contains the most reactive metals is the

A

Halogens

53
Q

In a chemical formula the number of each type of atom in the compound is shown by Numbers called

A

Subscripts

54
Q

A group of covalently bonded atoms that acts together as one charged atom is a

A

Poly atomic ion

55
Q

He elements that make up a compound and the exact number of atoms of each element in a unit of the compound can be shown in a

A

Chemical formula

56
Q

A chemical bond that occurs when atoms share electrons is a what bond

A

Covalent

57
Q

The __ tells you how any electrons an atom must gain or lose or share to become stable

A

Oxidation number

58
Q

The sum if oxidation numbers in a neutral compound must always equal

A

Zero

59
Q

The oxidation number of an atom is shown with a

A

Superscript

60
Q

How many electrons are needed I’m the outer levels of most atoms for the atoms to be chemically stable

A

8

61
Q

What kind of bond is formed when and equal exchange of electrons occurs

A

Ionic

64
Q

What is another name for a homogeneous mixture

A

Solution

65
Q

What is the name of the compound with the formula NaCl

A

Sodium chloride

66
Q

Why do noble gases not form compounds readily

A

Their outer energy levels are completely filled with electrons

67
Q

What is the name of a binary compound made up of lithium and chloride

A

Lithium chloride

68
Q

What is the correct formula for magnesium nitrate

A

Mg(NO3)2

69
Q

What charge is phosphate in K3PO4

A

1+

70
Q

What is the correct formula for magnesium oxide

A

MgO

71
Q

A what chemical equation has the same number of atoms of each element on each side of the equation

A

Balanced

72
Q

Each substance on the left of the arrow in a chemical equation is a

A

Reactant

73
Q

The energy required to break the original bonds is less than the energy releases when new bonds form in a

A

Exergonic

74
Q

If the heat must be added to a chemical reaction for the reaction to take place the reaction is

A

Endothermic

75
Q

Which of the following could represent a decomposition reaction

A

Compound = element + element

76
Q

In a chemical equation the symbol that means dissolved In water is

A

(aq)

77
Q

When one element replaces another element in a compound the reaction is a

A

Single displacement reaction

78
Q

A substance that speeds up a chemical reaction without being permanently changed itself is a

A

Catalyst

79
Q

Each substance to the right of the arrow in a chemical equation is a

A

Product

80
Q

Substances that prevent or slow down chemical reactions are called

A

Inhibitor

81
Q

A chemical reaction in which heat energy is released is

A

Exothermic