Semester Finals

Question 1

Orbit

Answer 1

The curved path of a celestial object or spacecraft around a star planet or moon.

Question 2

Solar system

Answer 2

The gravitationally bound planetary system of the sun and the objects that orbit it either directly or indirectly of the objects that orbit the sun directly the largest are the eight planets .

Question 3

galaxy

Answer 3

A system of millions or billions of stars together with gas and dust held together by gravitational attraction.

Question 4

Universe

Answer 4

All of space and time and their contents including planets stars galaxies and all other forms of matter and energy

Question 5

Satellite

Answer 5

A artificial object which has been intentionally placed into orbit.

Question 6

Impact crater

Answer 6

A crater on a planet or moon caused by the impact of a meteorite or other object typically circular with a raised rim

Question 7

Rotation

Answer 7

A action of rotating around an axis or center

Question 8

Revolution

Answer 8

A forcible overthrown of a government or social order in favor of a new system

Question 9

Season

Answer 9

Each of the four divisions of the year spring, summer , autumn, and winter

Question 10

Equinox

Answer 10

The time or date at which the sun crosses the celestial equator when day and night are of equal length

Question 11

Solstice

Answer 11

When the sun reaches its highest or lowest point in the sky at noon marked by the longest and shortest days

Question 12

Mare

Answer 12

A large level basalt plain on the surface of the moon appearing dark by contrast with highland areas

Question 13

Eclipse

Answer 13

Either of the two points on the celestial sphere where the celestial equator interacts the ecliptic

Question 14

Umbra

Answer 14

The dark central part of a sunspot

Question 15

Penumbra

Answer 15

The shadow cast by earth or moon over an area experiencing a partial eclipse.

The less darker outer spot of a sunspot surrounding the dark core

Question 16

Astronomical unit

Answer 16

A u it of measurement equal to 149.6 million kilometers the mean distance from the center of the earth to the center of the sun

Question 17

Ellipse

Answer 17

A regular oval shape traced by a point moving in a plane so that the sum of its distances from two other points is constant

Question 18

Terrestrial planet

Answer 18

A planet that is composed primarily of silicate rocks or metals

Question 19

Gas giant

Answer 19

A large planet of relatively low density consisting predominantly of hydrogen and helium such as Jupiter Saturn Uranus Or Neptune

Question 20

Asteroid

Answer 20

Minor planets especially of the inner solar system

Question 21

Comet

Answer 21

An icy small solar system body that when passing close to the sun warms and begins to release gases

Question 22

Meteor

Answer 22

A small body of matter from outer space that enters the earths atmosphere becoming incandescent as a result of friction and appearing as a streak of light

Question 23

Meteorite

Answer 23

A solid piece of debris from an object such as a comet , asteroid , or meteoroid that originates in outer space and survives its passage through the atmosphere

Question 24

Geocentric

Answer 24

Measured from or considered in relation to the center of the earth

Question 25

Heliocentric

Answer 25

Measured from or considered in relation to the center of the sun

Question 26

Gravity

Answer 26

The force that attracts a body toward the center of the earth or toward any other physical body having mass

Question 27

Tide

Answer 27

Usually twice each lunar day at a particular place due to the attraction of the moon and sun

Question 28

Waxing

Answer 28

The moon at any time after new moon and before full moon so called because it’s illuminated area is increasing

Question 29

Waning

Answer 29

The moon at any time after full moon and before new moon

Question 30

Gibbous-moon

Answer 30

Moon appears larger than a quarter

Question 31

Crescent moon

Answer 31

When the moon appears early in its first quarter or late in its last quarter

Question 32

Full moon

Answer 32

The phase of the moon in which its whole disk is illuminated

Question 33

New moon

Answer 33

The phase of the moon when it is in conjunction with the sun and invisible from earth or shortly thereafter when it appears as a slender crescent

Question 34

Quarter moon

Answer 34

When the moon appears fully illuminated from earths perspective

Question 35

Perihelion

Answer 35

The point in the orbit of a planet asteroid or comet at which it is closet to the sun

Question 36

Aphelion

Answer 36

The point in the the orbit of a plant asteroid or comet at which it is furthest from the sun