Semester Final Flashcards

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1
Q

The sociocultural perspective looks at…

A

race, culture, and ethnicity

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2
Q

Freud reffered to the dynamic of a patient developing either positive or negative feelings towards their therapist as…

A

transference

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3
Q

Psychotherapy techniques include…

A

Play therapy, behavior therapy, cognitive therapy, and humanistic therapy

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4
Q

in medieval times, explanations for those who were mentally ill were thought to be all of the following EXCEPT

A

an inspired god

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5
Q

The diathesis-stress model presumes that psychopathology results from

A

vunerability and adverse experiences

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6
Q

Another term for the percentage of people in the us who currently have a diagnosis of depression is

A

Prevalence

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7
Q

Which of the following is NOT included in DSM-5

A

Cause of disorders

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8
Q

A study based on over 9,000 US residents found that the most prevalent disorder was

A

Major depressive disorder

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9
Q

patterns of inner experience and behavior are thought to reflect the presence of a psychological disorder if they

A

lead to significant distress and impairment in ones life

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10
Q

how does positive affect differ from optimism

A

Positive affect involves feeling states; optimism involves expectations

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11
Q

relative to those with low levels of social support, individuals with high levels of social support

A

tend to tolerate stress well

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12
Q

the most lethal dimension of Type A behavior pattern seems to be

A

hostility

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13
Q

which of the following is NOT a dimension of job burnout

A

Hostility

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14
Q

what is one major criticisms of the Social Readjustment Rating Scale

A

it does not take into consideration how a person appraises an event

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15
Q

According to the holmes and rahe scale, which life event requires the greatest amount of readjustment?

A

death of spouse

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16
Q

At which stage of Selyes general adaptation syndrome is a person especially vunerable to illness

A

exhaustion

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17
Q

Between 2006 and 2009, the greatest increases in stress levels were found to occur amoung

A

those aged 45-64

18
Q

Negative effects of stress are most likely to be experienced when an event is perceived as

A

threatening, and no clear options for dealing with it are apparent

19
Q

according to the Eysenck’s theory, people who score high on neuroticism tend to be

A

Anxious

20
Q

___ is credited with the first comprehensive theory of personality

A

Freud

21
Q

The id operates _____ principle

A

pleasure

22
Q

Personality is thought to be

A

long term, stable and not easily changed

23
Q

when we seek out information that supports our stereotypes, we are engaged in

A

confirmation bias

24
Q

__ is an negative unfair attitude towards a member of a group; __ is negative, unfair behavior toward members of a group

A

Prejudice; discrimination

25
Q

Attitudes describe our __ of people, objects, and ideas

A

Evaluations

26
Q

A(n)___ is a set of group expectations for appropriate thoughts an behaviors of its members

A

social norm

27
Q

Making internal attributions for your successes and naking external attributions for your failures is an example of ____

A

self serving bias

28
Q

According to the constructivist theory of emotions proposed by Barett, emotions are

A

predictions that are constructed based on your experience

29
Q

Maslow’s hierarchy of needs: which accurately describes the relationship between the levels of needs in the pyramid

A

Lower level needs must be satisfied before addressing higher level needs

30
Q

william james proposed that behavior was primarily driven by:

A

A number of instincts that aid survival

31
Q

Need for___ refers to maintaining positive relationships with others

A

Affiliation

32
Q

___ is/are an individual’s belief in her capability to complete some task

A

self-efficacy

33
Q

For the following statement, determine if it shows intrinsic or extrinsic motivation. You want good grades

A

Extrinsic

34
Q

For the following statement, determine if it shows intrinsic or extrinsic motivation. You love learning

A

Intrinsic

35
Q

In the CHC theory of cognitive abilities, which is characterized by specific skills and knowledge to particular tasks

A

narrow abilities

36
Q

In Gardners Multiple Intelligences Theory, which is one of the intelligences recognized as a distinct type

A

Emotional intelligence

37
Q

What is an event schema, also known as a cognitive script, in psychology

A

A mental construct consisting of a cluster of related topics

38
Q

what is a prototype in the context of cognitive therapy

A

The best example or representation of a concept

39
Q

What are concepts in psychology

A

Categories/groups of linguistic information, images, ideas, or memories

40
Q

what does the term “cognition” encompass in the field of psychology

A

The study of thinking and related mind processes