semester 2 vocab

Question 1

bolsheviks

Answer 1

a group of marxists who seized power in russia in 1917

Question 2

collectivization

Answer 2

combining small, individual farms to make larger, mechanized farms

Question 3

command economy

Answer 3

a system in which government officials make all basic economic decisions

Question 4

concentration camps

Answer 4

detention sites created for military or political purposes to confine, terrorize, and in some cases, kill civilians

Question 5

containment

Answer 5

the united states strategy of limiting the spread of communism to the areas already under soviet control

Question 6

détente

Answer 6

efforts taken in the late 1960s and early 1970s to lower cold war tensions

Question 7

domino theory

Answer 7

the belief that the fall of one country to communism would cause neighboring countries to do so also

Question 8

duma

Answer 8

the russian assembly formed after the revolution of 1905

Question 9

entente

Answer 9

a non-binding agreement between nations to follow common policies

Question 10

extraterritoriality

Answer 10

the right of citizens to be tried in the courts of their native country rather than in the courts of the country that they are living in

Question 11

fascism

Answer 11

a system of government that focuses on the good of the state rather than the good of the individual citizens

Question 12

final solution

Answer 12

the nazi party’s plan for the jewish population of europe

Question 13

five year plan

Answer 13

stalin’s production goals for the soviet union

Question 14

genocide

Answer 14

the deliberate and systematic killing of people who belong to a particular racial, ethnic, or cultural group

Question 15

glasnost

Answer 15

a willingness to openly discuss the soviet union’s problems

Question 16

gulag

Answer 16

a system of soviet labor camps

Question 17

holocaust

Answer 17

the killing of millions of jews and other groups by nazis during world war ii

Question 18

hyperinflation

Answer 18

a rise in prices at an extremely rapid rate, usually caused by a rapid increase in money supply making currency of little value

Question 19

imperialism

Answer 19

the policy of one country’s political, economic, or cultural domination over other lands and territories

Question 20

iron curtain

Answer 20

the dividing line between communist countries and the western countries of europe

Question 21

kaiser

Answer 21

emperor of germany

Question 22

kamikazes

Answer 22

japanese pilots who loaded their aircraft with bombs and crashed them into enemy ships

Question 23

kulturkampf

Answer 23

bismarck’s struggle to limit the influence of the catholic church in germany

Question 24

mandates

Answer 24

territories given to european powers to rule after world war i

Question 25

nato

Answer 25

a military alliance of twelve western nations formed in 1949

Question 26

neutrality

Answer 26

policy of supporting neither side in a conflict

Question 27

nuremberg laws

Answer 27

eliminated citizenship and many civil and property rights for jews

Question 28

perestroika

Answer 28

restructuring of the soviet economic and political structure

Question 29

pogrom

Answer 29

violent riot of attack directed against a jewish community

Question 30

proletariat

Answer 30

working class

Question 31

propaganda

Answer 31

information created by governments in order to influence public opinion

Question 32

protectorate

Answer 32

country with its own government but under the control of an outside power

Question 33

realpolitik

Answer 33

the belief in practical goals instead of theory in political philosophy

Question 34

reich

Answer 34

german empire

Question 35

reparation

Answer 35

payment for war damage or damage caused by imprisonment

Question 36

social darwinism

Answer 36

an application of the principles of natural selection and survival of the fittest to the struggle between nations and races

Question 37

soviet

Answer 37

council of workers and soldiers set up by russian revolutionaries in 1917

Question 38

sphere of influence

Answer 38

area in which an outside power claims exclusive investment or trading privileges

Question 39

total war

Answer 39

channeling of a nations’s entire resources into a war effort

Question 40

totalitarianism

Answer 40

a form of government in which the person or party in charge has absolute control over all aspects of life

Question 41

trench warfare

Answer 41

a form of combat in which soldiers dug deep ditches to seek protection from enemy fire and defend their positions

Question 42

tsar

Answer 42

emperor of russia

Question 43

u-boats

Answer 43

german submarines

Question 44

united nations

Answer 44

an international organization formed in 1945 to maintain peace and encourage cooperation among nations

Question 45

warsaw pact

Answer 45

a military alliance of the soviet-dominated countries of eastern europe, established in 1955

Question 46

anschluss

Answer 46

union of austria and germany

Question 47

appeasement

Answer 47

giving into aggressive demands in order to maintain peace

Question 48

armistice

Answer 48

an agreement to cease fighting

Question 49

arms race

Answer 49

competition between nations to gain an advantage in weapons

Question 50

blitzkrieg

Answer 50

a fast, forceful style of fighting used by the germans in world war ii