Semester 2 Exam

Question 1

Confucianism

Answer 1

a system of philosophical and ethical teachings founded by Confucius

Question 2

Legalism

Answer 2

Chinese philosophy that emphasizes the need for order above all other human concerns.

Question 3

Daoism

Answer 3

a Chinese philosophy based on the writings of Lao-tzu advocating humility and religious piety.

Question 4

Mandate of Heaven

Answer 4

an ancient Chinese belief and philosophical idea that heaven granted emperors the right to rule based on their ability to govern well and fairly.

Question 5

Mongol Invasions

Answer 5

Mongols invaded China and were very cruel and taxed heavily.

Question 6

Opium War

Answer 6

Britain was selling opium in China, making everyone addicted to it. Then, China blew up a opium vehicle and Britain declared war. China had to pay money for destruction and Britain made an unfair treaty, the Treaty of Nanjing.

Question 7

Long March

Answer 7

Mao Zedong led 90,000 communists along 6,000 mile trek. 7,000 survived and beat nationalists.

Question 8

Little Red Book

Answer 8

Mao’s book, quotes from Mao that citizens were forced to recite.

Question 9

Great Leap Forward

Answer 9

Mao divided China into communes, divided families to work and forced to work, salaries guaranteed.

Question 10

Dynastic Cycle

Answer 10

New dynasty –> after several generations –> The aging dynasty –> loses mandate of heaven –> problems –> new dynasty

Question 11

Mao Zedong

Answer 11

emerged as a leader of the communists

Question 12

Tiananmen Square

Answer 12

students brought “goddess of liberty” into Tiananmen Square during protests. Military opened fire, killing hundreds.

Question 13

Czars

Answer 13

Rulers, kings/queens of Russia

Question 14

Rasputin

Answer 14

mystical faith healer, friend of czar family (helping sick son), assassinated.

Question 15

Bloody Sunday

Answer 15

Priest peacefully protesting with a group, guards starting shooting, killing many

Question 16

Lenin

Answer 16

Red, leading bolsheviks

Question 17

Marx

Answer 17

developed idea of communism

Question 18

Communist Manifesto

Answer 18

book Carl Marx wrote about communism

Question 19

Bolsheviks

Answer 19

Reds, communists

Question 20

Stalin

Answer 20

leader after Lenin, very cruel, killed many people

Question 21

Communism

Answer 21

society in which all property is publicly owned and each person works and is paid according to their abilities and needs.

Question 22

Totalitarian State

Answer 22

no different opinions, complete control over many aspects of life

Question 23

Trotsky

Answer 23

first leader of the Red Army

Question 24

Berlin Airlift

Answer 24

A military operation in the late 1940s that brought food and other needed goods into West Berlin by air after the government of East Germany, which at that time surrounded West Berlin, had cut off its supply routes.

Question 25

Cold War

Answer 25

he state of political hostility that existed between the Soviet bloc countries and the US-led Western powers from 1945 to 1990.

Question 26

Khrushchev

Answer 26

USSR prime minister

Question 27

John F. Kennedy

Answer 27

President

Question 28

Cuban Missile Crisis

Answer 28

Cuba aligns with USSR

Question 29

Western Hemisphere

Answer 29

half the earth that lies west of the prime meridian

Question 30

Inca

Answer 30

From the West Coast of South America
Farmed enough to feel 9 million people
Polytheistic
Emperor owned all land, mines, and wealth
Elaborate network of roads, used runners who carried messages

Question 31

Aztec

Answer 31

Migrated from Mexico, absorbed ideas from Mayans
Had one ruler chosen by a small group
Polytheistic, priests had a lot of power
Largest city in the world at that time
First people to educate boys and girls
Woman had certain rights but not many

Question 32

Explorers

Answer 32

Christopher Columbus: discovered America
Magellan: First to sail around the world, died halfway through, also named the Pacific Ocean.
Cortes

Question 33

Pizarro

Answer 33

Spanish conquistador who conquered the Incan Empire

Question 34

Treaty of Tordisillas

Answer 34

and agreement between Portugal and Spain that drew a line that ran from north to south. It gave Spain the right to claim all non-christian lands west of the line, and Portugal east of the line.

Question 35

Coup d etat

Answer 35

is a sudden overthrow of the government.

Question 36

Monroe Doctrine

Answer 36

U.S. foreign policy regarding European countries in 1823. It stated that further efforts by European nations to colonize land or interfere with states in North or South America would be viewed as acts of aggression, requiring U.S. intervention.

Question 37

Maya

Answer 37

the Mayans were nomadic people who migrated from Asia into North america,and moved to south america

Question 38

Cortes

Answer 38

was a Spanish conquistador who led an expedition that caused the fall of the Aztec empire. (Cortes conquered the Aztecs)

Question 39

Magellan

Answer 39

he was a Portuguese explorer; sailed the first expedition from Europe to Asia by the west and captaining first expedition across the Atlantic ocean.

Question 40

Coup d etat

Answer 40

Sudden overthrow of government

Question 41

Cuba

Answer 41

US was afraid of the Communism in Cuba and that they were allies of USSR. US launched an attacks on Cuba and in the end made an agreement, but tension was still high

Question 42

Bay of Pigs

Answer 42

US wanted to overthrow Castro so they secretly trained Cuban exiles and set them ashore at the Bay of Pigs. Cuban forces quickly defeated them.

Question 43

Monotheism

Answer 43

Worship of one god

Question 44

Polytheism

Answer 44

Worship of many gods

Question 45

Castro

Answer 45

was a Cuban politician who served as prime minister of the republic of Cuba. Under his administration Cuba became a one party socialist state. Wanted Cuba solely independent.