Semester 2 Exam 2020 Flashcards
How are particles arranged in a solid?
Tightly packed with an organized arrangement in rows, particles vibrate in their spot.
How are particles arranged in a liquid?
Tightly packed but randomly arranged, particles can flow over each other.
How are particles arranged in a gas?
Random arrangement with empty space between particles, high energy.
What word describes particles changing from solid to liquid?
Melting
What word describes particles changing from liquid to gas?
Evaporation or boiling
What word describes particles changing from liquid to solid?
Freezing
What word describes particles changing from solid to a gas?
Sublimation
Particles that have a high temperature means that the particles have ….. kinetic energy
High
Particles that have a low temperature means that the particles have ….. kinetic energy
Low
What is an atom?
The smallest unit of matter, they contain sub-particles that have charges.
What is a compound?
A compound is a substance that is made up of atoms of two or more elements, joined together by strong chemical bonds.
What is an element?
An element is a substance that contains only one type of atom.
What is a proton?
A subatomic particle in the nucleus with a positive charge.
What is an electron?
A subatomic particle with a negative change that orbits the nucleus.
What is a neutron?
A subatomic particle in the nucleus with a neutral charge.
What is a physical change?
When the particles of a substance change state of matter, this change is reversible.
What is a chemical change?
When the particles of substances rearrange to form a new substance, this change is irreversible.
What are some observations that indicate a chemical change?
Bubbles, colour change, heat/light/odour/sound released.
What is a solution?
A mixture of a solute dissolved in a solvent.
What is a solvent?
The major component of a solution dissolves another substance.
What is a solute?
The minor component of a solution that has been dissolved into another substance.
What is a mixture?
A combination of 2 or more substances that can be separated.
What is a pure substance?
A collection of the same type of particle.
What is the purpose of using a stain to view cells under a microscope?
Staining enhances the contrast of the organelles that make it easier to see the difference between different organelles.
What is a cell?
The smallest unit of living matter, the building blocks of all living things.
What is a specialized cell?
A cell with a different structure that allows it to perform a specific function.
What is an organelle?
A subcellular structure that performs a specialized function inside the cell.
What is a tissue?
A collection of the same type of cells that work together to perform a particular function
What is an organ?
A collection of different tissues that work together to perform a particular function
What is the function of the nucleus?
Controls the functions inside the cells, contains a copy of DNA of the organism.
What is the function of the cell membrane?
Controls the movement of substances in and out of the cell.
What is the function of the mitochondria?
Produces energy for the cell, often called the ‘powerhouse of the cell’
What is the function of the cytoplasm?
The inner space of the cell.
What are the organelles that are unique to plant cells?
Chloroplast, cell wall, vacuole
What is the order of organization in the body?
Cells 🡪 Tissues 🡪 Organs 🡪 Organ systems 🡪 Organism
What is particulate matter?
Small solid particles suspended in the air
Give 3 examples of specialized cells.
Red blood cell, white blood cell, sperm cell.
