Semester 1 Test

Question 1

Ecological Organization Order

Answer 1

Organism

Population

Community

Ecosystem

Biosphere

Question 2

Predation

Answer 2

One organism kills and eats another organism

Question 3

Competition

Answer 3

Two or more organisms of the same or different species attempt to use the same limited resource

Question 4

Parasitism

Answer 4

Organisms that live in or on another organism and feed on it without immediately killing it

Question 5

Mutualism

Answer 5

Cooperative partnership between two species in which both species benefit

Question 6

Commensalism

Answer 6

A relationship in which one species benefits and the other is neither harmed nor helped

Question 7

Turbine

Answer 7

A machine that plays a key role in transforming fluid or air energy into usable work or electricity

Question 8

Niche

Answer 8

An organism’s way of life; Offspring, reproduction, shelter, environment, interactions

Question 9

Habitat

Answer 9

Place organism lives; “address”

Question 10

Environmental Science

Answer 10

The study of how humans interact with the environment

Question 11

Greenhouse Gas

Answer 11

The gasses in the atmosphere that trap and radiate heat
Examples: Carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide
People are worried that it contributes to global warming

Question 12

Renewable Energy Examples

Answer 12

Solar energy
Wind energy
Geothermal Energy
Hydropower

Question 13

Nonrenewable Energy Examples

Answer 13

Coal
Natural gas
Oil
Nuclear Energy

Question 14

Renewable versus Nonrenewable Energy

Answer 14

Renewable Energy: can be continually produced
Nonrenewable Energy: have a limited amount

Question 15

Sustainable World

Answer 15

A world in which human populations can continue to exist indefinitely with a high standard of living and health. Habits would be preserved, resources used sparingly, and waste turned into harmless substances

Question 16

Population Crisis

Answer 16

The human population is growing too quickly for the region to support. Most severe in developing countries, like Thailand, Mexico, India.

Question 17

Consumption Crisis

Answer 17

Resources are being depleted quicker than they can be renewed. Most severe in developed countries, like America, Canada, Japan.

Question 18

Applied Science

Answer 18

Uses the information provided by pure science to solve problems
Environmental science is considered applied science because it uses all kinds of sciences to solve problems having to do with the environment

Question 18

Pure Science

Answer 18

Seeks to answer questions about how the natural world works

Question 19

Statistics

Answer 19

Used to analyze scientific data

Question 20

Extreme Ecosystem imbalance

Answer 20

When a natural or human-caused disturbance disrupts the natural balance of an ecosystem
Example: Mongoose/rat issue

Question 20

Natural Gas to Electricity Conversion

Answer 20

Natural gas > Heat > Kinetic > Mechanical > Electromagnetic > Electricity

Question 21

Raw Energy Sources

Answer 21

Used to produce ELECTRICITY as the highest percentage end-product in the United States

Question 22

Environmental Problems

Answer 22

Pollution
Resource Depletion
Extinction

Question 23

Hydropower

Answer 23

Advantages: Renewable, Base load power, Pairs with other renewables, Large supply
Disadvantages: Displaced people due to flooding, Needs specific infrastructure, Greenhouse gases, Expensive up front

Question 23

Coal

Answer 23

Advantages: Affordable, Infrastructure, Experience, High energy density
Disadvantages: Nonrenewable, Global warming, Ash/Sludge waste, Health problems

Question 24

Fossil Future Summary Chapter 1

Answer 24

Ignoring Benefits: Researchers/experts support the rapid elimination of fossil fuels and ignore their massive benefits. Fossil fuels are cost-effective, which is essential to human flourishing, and billions are dying because of the lack of cost-effective energy

Question 25

Fossil Future Summary Chapter 2

Answer 25

Catastrophizing Side-Effects: Researchers/Experts are catastrophizing the negative effects of fossil fuels. It is important to recognize the experts track record and to use that to decide whether or not they are reliable. Experts have been wrong before, and sometimes they completely change their opinions. Be careful of Irrational Methods of Observation.

Question 26

Types of graphs

Answer 26

Line Graph: Shows points plotted on a graph and connected by a line. Used to show trends or changes over time.
Bar Graph: Shows rectangular bars where the length of the bar is proportional to the quantity of data. Effective at showing several comparisons at once
Pie Chart: Shows percentages, with the whole circle representing 100%. Relative percentages of different factors.