Semester 1 Study Guide Flashcards
unlimited government
no effective means of restraining power
popular sovereignty
the people are ruling authority along with a government of officials to carry out the laws
republicanism
ideology of governing a nation as a republic where the head of state is appointed by other means than hereditary, often elections, it also limits state power over citizens
participatory government
broad participation in politics by individuals
people vote directly for laws instead of voting for people to represent them
elite democracy
limited participation in politics by individuals
groups of people who posses the more or most power (money) dominate the government and make decisions
pluralist democracy
group-based activism by nongovernmental interests striving for impact on political decision-making
groups compete and compromise w each other
confederation
constitutional arrangement in which states create a central government but limit its power and do not give it direct authority over individuals
great compromise/Connecticut compromise
virginia plan:
national gov
3 branches
2 chambers - based on pop
1 elected by people
1 selected by other
legislature hold power of gov
favored by large states
new jersey plan:
amend the articles, not replace them
unicameral
one vote per state
favored by small states
compromise
bicameral legislature
house: membership determined by population
senate: 2 members per state
strong executive legislative and judicial branch
three-fifths compromise
North - slaves counted for taxes not representation
South - slaves for representation not taxes
compromise: 3 out of every 5 slaves count for taxation and representation
exclusive powers
authorities reserved for the federal government and cannot be exercised by the states
concurrent powers
powers shared between the federal government and the state governments
taxing, borrowing, establishing court system
mandate
a federal order imposed upon the state
categorical grant
grant for specific programs
strings: requirements to receive money
block grant
granted to support collection of general programs - more discretion
filibuster
stalling or even killing a bill by speaking for an extremely long time
cloture
end debate with 60 votes
speaker of the house
highest ranking member of house, leader of majority party
president of the senate
the vice president, leading member of majority party
committee of the whole
a committee of the house on which all representatives serve
discharge petition
a device by which ant member of the house, after a committee has bad bill for thirty days, any petition to have it bought to the floor
rules committee
sets rules for debate
closed rule: limited debate, no amendments
open rule: more open debate, permits amendments
for most bills, members are given 5 minutes of speaking time
