Semester 1 Scripture Vocab (Chapters 1,2, &4) Flashcards
canon
an official list of books belonging to the Bible, both the Old and New Testaments
deuterocanical
a term meaning “second canon”. Books in included in the Catholic Old Testament but not in the Hebrew Bible. These additions are 1 and 2 Maccabees, Judith, Tobit, Sirach, Caruch, Wisdom, and parts of Esther and Daniel
Tradition
the living transmission of the Church’s Gospel message found in the Church’s teaching, life, and worship. It is faithfully preserved, handed on, and interpreted by the Church’s magisterium
sin
an offense against God. A deliberate thought, word, deed, or omission against the eternal law of God
magisterium
the teaching authority of the Church concerning issues of faith and morals. The Magisterium consists of the Pope and the college of bishops acting together
Pseudepigrapha
ancient books from the same timeframe as the books of the Bible, especially the New Testament. The Church decided these books were not inspired by God and could not be included in the canon of the Bible
Archaeology
the science of studying material remains of past human life and activities
artifact
something created by past humans, usually for a specific purpose (tools, pottery, clothing, etc)
typology
the study of types of writing that have common traits. Typology in Scripture involved reading the Old Testament in light of Christ crucified and risen.
critical reading
A number of methods of studying the Bible that aim to discover what God is communicating - both to the people of the Bible and people today
YHWH
Sacred name for God used by Hebrews in the Old Testament.
Adonai
Hebrews believed that “YHWH” was too sacred to speak out loud, so they used the name “Adonai” in replacement
Anagogical
spiritual sense of reading scripture. Helps us to relate what the events of scripture have to do with our final destiny, heaven.
Allegorical
spiritual sense of scripture. Helps us to understand how some old testament events prefigure Christ.
Inspiration
the church defines inspired writings as written by human authors who were deeply moved by God when writing parts of the bible.
Apocrypha
In biblical literature, works outside an accepted canon of scripture (pseudepigrapha)
College of Bishops
all of the bishops of the church, work with the pope and are part of the magisterium
TaNaK
the Hebrew bible
Torah (law)
Nevi’im (prophets)
Ketuvim (writings)
Context
the historical, cultural, social, or political circumstances surrounding an event or record
Pictograms
the earliest form of writing in which pictures represented words or ideas
Scribes
people trained to write using the earliest forms of writing before literacy was widespread
Hieroglyphic writing
an ancient form of Egyptian writing, more stylized than pictograms but not based on an alphabet
Prehistoric
refers to events or objects that date to a time before writing developed and written record existed
Primeval history
stories or myths about the origins of the earth, humans, other creatures, languages, and cultures
Syncretism
a blending of two or more religious traditions
Diaspora
a group migration or flight away from the homeland into one or more other countries. The word can also refer to people who have maintained their separate identity (often religious, but occasionally ethnic, racial, or cultural) while living in those other countries after the migration
Exile
Assyrian and Babylonian exiles (722 BC - 539 BC) destroy cities and temple, causing the Jewish Diaspora and killing anyone who could be a power threat
Apocalyptic
type of literature that features highly symbolic images (book of Daniel)
Baal
Canaanite god of rain, very important to people in Palestine surrounding the Israelites. Significant rival to YHWH. Jews were told specifically not to worship him.
Fertile Crescent
a strip of fertile land between Egypt and Mesopotamia
Book of Psalms
largest collection of religious poetry in the Bible. Part of the wisdom books.
Covenant
a binding and solemn agreement between humans or between God and His people, holding each to a particular course of action.
Wisdom
wisdom books of the Bible teach us about how to live. Wisdom literature consists of collections of wise sayings, proverbs, and short stories that provide insights into the proper way to live. Hebrew wisdom literature began to be collected during the exile and post-exilic periods.
Torah
Hebrew word meaning “law”. These 5 books are part of the Catholic and Hebrew Bible.
“Murmerings”
the stories in the Book of Exodus of the complaints of the Israelites in the desert against Moses and against God
Elders
mature, usually male, members of the Israelite community who met regularly to rule on specific disputes within the community
Natural law
the participation of man in God’s eternal law that reveals what he intends us to do and avoid according to his wise and loving plan
Civil laws
laws dealing with the day-to-day issues that arise between people living, in the case of the Israelites, in an agrarian community such as the consequences when one person’s animal injures another person, or when borders between properties are disputed
Religious laws
laws that govern the actions of the priests, the regulations for sacrifice, and the building and maintenance of the Temple
Punitive justice
laws that rely on punishment as a deterrent to criminal activity
Restorative justice
laws that are concerned primarily with restoring community after an offense has occurred. The goal is to keep the community together, as the survival of the society depends on everyone fulfilling his or her role
Jubilee
every seventh sabbatical year (every 49th year). In a year of Jubilee, all debts were to be forgiven, and land that had been sold to pay a debt was to be returned to the original family. In this way, the wealth of the entire community was to be redistributed among the poor, preventing unrelieved poverty and large gaps between the rich and the poor
Decalogue
the 10 commandments
Moses
biblical figure called by God to free Israelites and receive the Decalogue
Jesus
God’s salvation who came in the New Testament, fulfilling the Sinai Covenant
Covenant
binding agreement between God and people, holding each to a certain course of action
Sinai Covenant
covenant between Israelites and God made on Mt Sinai (God will lead them to the promised land, Israelites will obey God)
Exodus
book that details the escape from Egypt. Includes Covenant Code.
Numbers
4th book of Moses
Hyksos
A group of non-Egyptians who came to power in Egypt (1650-1500 BC)
Deuteronomic Code
Deuteronomy laws, reflects prophets, focuses on weak in society and social justice
Levitical Code
laws in leviticus, discusses priestly laws and purity laws
Covenant Code
laws in Exodus older than Deuteronomic Code, both contain 10 commandments
Masha
“to draw out”, the name of Moses derives from this based on his birth story?
Blasphemy
sin that involves hateful words against God
Cereal offering
offerings of grain
Peace offering
in which the meat of the sacrificed animal was partially eaten by priests and those who offered the sacrifice
Whole Offerings
“wholly burned” sacrifices in which entire animal except hide is consumed in fire
YHWH
the name from which God and Moses derives from
Jehovah
name meaning “God” (misreading of Adonai + YHWH)
Adonai
A name for God meaning “Lord” or “master”, which the Israelites used out of respect for the sacredness of the name YHWH)
