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Pre-AP Biology > Semester 1 Review > Flashcards

Semester 1 Review Flashcards

0
Q

Structure of carbohydrates

A

Chain of sugars

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1
Q

Function of carbohydrates

A

Energy production

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2
Q

Function of proteins

A

Make living structures

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3
Q

Structure of proteins

A

Chain of amino acids

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4
Q

Function of lipids

A

Energy storage, protection

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5
Q

Structure of lipids

A

Fatty acids

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6
Q

Function of nucleic acids

A

Store information

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7
Q

Structure of nucleic acids

A

Nucleotides

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8
Q

Reactions that absorb energy

A

Endergonic

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9
Q

Reactions that release energy

A

Exergonic

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10
Q

Attraction between molecules of the same substance

A

Cohesion

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11
Q

Attraction between molecules of different substances

A

Adhesion

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12
Q

An even distribution of a charge on a molecule

A

Polarity

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13
Q

Measurement of hydrogen ion concentrations

A

pH

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14
Q

“Film” that forms between water molecules

A

Surface tension

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15
Q

What an enzyme works on, the reactant of an enzyme reaction

A

Substrate

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16
Q

Protein that acts as a catalyst to speed up the rate of a reaction

A

Enzymes

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17
Q

What are autotrophs?

A

Organisms that make their own food

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18
Q

What are heterotrophs?

A

Organisms that rely on others for energy

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19
Q

Where does energy in our food chain originate

A

The sun

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20
Q

Level of ecology:

Group of same organisms in same area

A

Population

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21
Q

Level of ecology:

Area of Earth with ecosystems

A

Biosphere

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22
Q

Level of ecology:

Individual living thing

A

Organism

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23
Q

Level of ecology:

Community and surroundings

A

Ecosystem

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24
Level of ecology: | Group of populations in same area
Community
25
What biome has a canopy and an understory?
Tropical rain forest
26
What biome is dry with little precipitation?
Desert (or tundra)
27
What biome has permafrost?
Tundra
28
What biome has bitter cold and is also called the taiga?
Boreal forest
29
Symbiosis – an organism harms its host
Parasitism
30
A consumer kills and eats other consumers
Predator
31
Changes that occur with no soil is present
Primary succession
32
An organism killed and eaten by a consumer
Prey
33
Symbiosis – both individuals benefit in a relationship
Mutualism
34
Changes that occur when the soil remained
Secondary succession
35
Symbiosis – one benefits, one not affected
Commensalism
36
List the five factors that limit growth of a population
``` Competition Parasitism and disease Human disturbances Predation Drought & other climate extremes ```
37
Why are we concerned with global warming
Rise in sea levels
38
Group of cells working together for the same function
Tissue
39
Group of organs working together for the same function
Organ system
40
Smallest unit of life
Cell
41
Group of tissue working together for the same function
Organ
42
Individual living thing
Organism
43
What are the two types of passive transport?
Osmosis and diffusion
44
What are the two types of active transport?
Endocytosis and exocytosis
45
Organisms with true nucleus
Eukaryote
46
"Drinking" a cell
Pinocytosis
47
"Eating" a cell
Phagocytosis
48
Organisms without a nucleus
Prokaryote
49
Random scattering of particles
Diffusion
50
Diffusion of water through the membrane
Osmosis
51
Releasing cell contents
Exocytosis
52
Absorbing cell contents
Endocytosis
53
Maintaining a stable internal environment
Homeostasis
54
Cellular structure: | Photosynthesis
Chloroplast
55
Cellular structure: | Controls what enters and leaves the cell
Plasma membrane
56
Cellular structure: | Control center of the cell
Nucleus
57
Cellular structure: | Cellular respiration, the production of ATP
Mitochondria
58
Cellular structure: | Support for plant cells
Cell wall
59
Cellular structure: | Protein production
Ribosome
60
Cellular structure: | Support for the cell membrane
Cytoskeleton
61
chemical equation for photosynthesis
6CO2 + 6H2O —> C6H12O6 + 6O2
62
Does photosynthesis use or produce energy?
Use
63
The purpose of light dependent reaction (in photosynthesis) is to
Make ATP and NADPH
64
The purpose of light independent reaction (in photosynthesis) is to
Produce sugar
65
chemical equation for cellular respiration
C6H12O6 + 6O2 —> 6CO2 + 6H2O ' +ATP
66
Does cellular respiration use or produce energy?
Produce
67
What is the purpose of the Krebs cycle?
Make ATP and CO2
68
Chromosome replication, growth
Interphase
69
Division of the cytoplasm
Cytokinesis
70
Division of the cell nucleus
Mitosis
71
Chromosomes migrate to poles
Anaphase
72
Daughter cells are formed
Telophase
73
Chromosomes line up on equatorial plate
Metaphase
74
Chromosomes are visible, move toward equator
Prophase
75
If I begin with 1000 kJ of energy, how much energy would the primary consumer have? Secondary? Tertiary?
Primary consumer - 100 kJ Secondary consumer – 10 kJ Tertiary consumer – 1 kJ

Pre-AP Biology (1 decks)

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