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Pre-AP Biology > Semester 1 Review > Flashcards

Semester 1 Review Flashcards

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0
Q

Structure of carbohydrates

A

Chain of sugars

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1
Q

Function of carbohydrates

A

Energy production

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2
Q

Function of proteins

A

Make living structures

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3
Q

Structure of proteins

A

Chain of amino acids

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4
Q

Function of lipids

A

Energy storage, protection

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5
Q

Structure of lipids

A

Fatty acids

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6
Q

Function of nucleic acids

A

Store information

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7
Q

Structure of nucleic acids

A

Nucleotides

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8
Q

Reactions that absorb energy

A

Endergonic

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9
Q

Reactions that release energy

A

Exergonic

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10
Q

Attraction between molecules of the same substance

A

Cohesion

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11
Q

Attraction between molecules of different substances

A

Adhesion

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12
Q

An even distribution of a charge on a molecule

A

Polarity

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13
Q

Measurement of hydrogen ion concentrations

A

pH

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14
Q

“Film” that forms between water molecules

A

Surface tension

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15
Q

What an enzyme works on, the reactant of an enzyme reaction

A

Substrate

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16
Q

Protein that acts as a catalyst to speed up the rate of a reaction

A

Enzymes

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17
Q

What are autotrophs?

A

Organisms that make their own food

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18
Q

What are heterotrophs?

A

Organisms that rely on others for energy

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19
Q

Where does energy in our food chain originate

A

The sun

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20
Q

Level of ecology:

Group of same organisms in same area

A

Population

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21
Q

Level of ecology:

Area of Earth with ecosystems

A

Biosphere

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22
Q

Level of ecology:

Individual living thing

A

Organism

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23
Q

Level of ecology:

Community and surroundings

A

Ecosystem

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24
Q

Level of ecology:

Group of populations in same area

A

Community

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25
Q

What biome has a canopy and an understory?

A

Tropical rain forest

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26
Q

What biome is dry with little precipitation?

A

Desert (or tundra)

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27
Q

What biome has permafrost?

A

Tundra

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28
Q

What biome has bitter cold and is also called the taiga?

A

Boreal forest

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29
Q

Symbiosis – an organism harms its host

A

Parasitism

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30
Q

A consumer kills and eats other consumers

A

Predator

31
Q

Changes that occur with no soil is present

A

Primary succession

32
Q

An organism killed and eaten by a consumer

A

Prey

33
Q

Symbiosis – both individuals benefit in a relationship

A

Mutualism

34
Q

Changes that occur when the soil remained

A

Secondary succession

35
Q

Symbiosis – one benefits, one not affected

A

Commensalism

36
Q

List the five factors that limit growth of a population

A 
Competition
Parasitism and disease
Human disturbances
Predation
Drought & other climate extremes
37
Q

Why are we concerned with global warming

A

Rise in sea levels

38
Q

Group of cells working together for the same function

A

Tissue

39
Q

Group of organs working together for the same function

A

Organ system

40
Q

Smallest unit of life

A

Cell

41
Q

Group of tissue working together for the same function

A

Organ

42
Q

Individual living thing

A

Organism

43
Q

What are the two types of passive transport?

A

Osmosis and diffusion

44
Q

What are the two types of active transport?

A

Endocytosis and exocytosis

45
Q

Organisms with true nucleus

A

Eukaryote

46
Q

“Drinking” a cell

A

Pinocytosis

47
Q

“Eating” a cell

A

Phagocytosis

48
Q

Organisms without a nucleus

A

Prokaryote

49
Q

Random scattering of particles

A

Diffusion

50
Q

Diffusion of water through the membrane

A

Osmosis

51
Q

Releasing cell contents

A

Exocytosis

52
Q

Absorbing cell contents

A

Endocytosis

53
Q

Maintaining a stable internal environment

A

Homeostasis

54
Q

Cellular structure:

Photosynthesis

A

Chloroplast

55
Q

Cellular structure:

Controls what enters and leaves the cell

A

Plasma membrane

56
Q

Cellular structure:

Control center of the cell

A

Nucleus

57
Q

Cellular structure:

Cellular respiration, the production of ATP

A

Mitochondria

58
Q

Cellular structure:

Support for plant cells

A

Cell wall

59
Q

Cellular structure:

Protein production

A

Ribosome

60
Q

Cellular structure:

Support for the cell membrane

A

Cytoskeleton

61
Q

chemical equation for photosynthesis

A

6CO2 + 6H2O —> C6H12O6 + 6O2

62
Q

Does photosynthesis use or produce energy?

A

Use

63
Q

The purpose of light dependent reaction (in photosynthesis) is to

A

Make ATP and NADPH

64
Q

The purpose of light independent reaction (in photosynthesis) is to

A

Produce sugar

65
Q

chemical equation for cellular respiration

A

C6H12O6 + 6O2 —> 6CO2 + 6H2O ‘ +ATP

66
Q

Does cellular respiration use or produce energy?

A

Produce

67
Q

What is the purpose of the Krebs cycle?

A

Make ATP and CO2

68
Q

Chromosome replication, growth

A

Interphase

69
Q

Division of the cytoplasm

A

Cytokinesis

70
Q

Division of the cell nucleus

A

Mitosis

71
Q

Chromosomes migrate to poles

A

Anaphase

72
Q

Daughter cells are formed

A

Telophase

73
Q

Chromosomes line up on equatorial plate

A

Metaphase

74
Q

Chromosomes are visible, move toward equator

A

Prophase

75
Q

If I begin with 1000 kJ of energy, how much energy would the primary consumer have? Secondary? Tertiary?

A

Primary consumer - 100 kJ
Secondary consumer – 10 kJ
Tertiary consumer – 1 kJ

Pre-AP Biology (1 decks)

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