Semester 1 Review

Question 1

Implied Powers

Answer 1

Powers Congress possesses that are not explicitly enumerated in the U.S. Constitution

Question 2

Telephone polls

Answer 2

calling phones at random to ask their political standpoint

Question 3

Interest groups

Answer 3

A formal or informal association of people seeking to influence governmental policy in favor of their interests

Question 4

Concurrent Powers

Answer 4

powers that are shared by both the federal government and state governments

Question 5

2 Methods of Proposing Amendment

Answer 5

1. By vote of 2/3 of both houses of congress
2. National (constitutional) convention - 2/3 of states

Question 6

2 Methods of ratifying amendment

Answer 6

1. 3/4 vote of 50 state legislatures
2. special convention by 3/4 of states (21st Amendment)

Question 7

Political Socialization

Answer 7

the process in which people develop their political values, beliefs, attitudes and ideology.

Question 8

lobbying

Answer 8

Interest groups conduct lobbying efforts by meeting with elected officials and government agencies to present their views and promote their agenda

Question 9

grassroots lobbying

Answer 9

Lobbying directly to and with the people

Question 10

expanding voting rights

Answer 10

15th amendment - men of all races
19th amendment - women’s suffrage
24th - no poll tax

Question 11

Constitution convention

Answer 11

1787 - states decided to remove articles of confederation / create new constitution

Question 12

PACs

Answer 12

A popular term for a political committee organized for the purpose of raising and spending money to elect and defeat candidates

Question 13

Super PACs

Answer 13

a fund raising organization that can raise and spend unlimited amounts of money from individuals, corporations, and unions

Question 14

Federalist No.10

Answer 14

James Madison - argues that a large republic will help control factions (aka interest groups) because when more representatives are elected, there will be a greater number of opinions

Question 15

powers given to states

Answer 15

reserved powers (10th amendment)

Question 16

Powers denied to states

Answer 16

Article 1 section 10 of constitution

Question 17

block grants

Answer 17

a grant from central government which a local authority can allocate to a wide range of services

Question 18

Categorical grants

Answer 18

federal grants given to state and local governments to encourage their cooperation in implementing specific purposes and programs

Question 19

Citizens United v. FEC

Answer 19

expanded the Supreme Court’s protection of free speech to cover political speech by corporations, including campaign advertising
Clause - 1st Amendment (free speech)

Question 20

McCulloch v. Maryland

Answer 20

court decided that the Federal Government had the right and power to set up a Federal bank and that states did not have the power to tax the Federal Government.

Supremacy + Necessary & Proper clause.

Question 21

Literary digest

Answer 21

1936 - miscalculation predicted that Kansas Republican Alfred Landon would defeat incumbent President Franklin D. Roosevelt; it only sampled people who owned a car or a telephone