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Anatomy Final Exam > Semester 1 Review > Flashcards

Semester 1 Review Flashcards

1
Q

Central control system that detects and processes sensory information

A

Nervous System

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2
Q

Returns leaked fluids back to the blood vessels also involved in immunity

A

Lymphatic system

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3
Q

Delivers oxygen and nutrients to tissues

A

Cardiovascular system

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4
Q

Processes food for use by the body

A

Digestive system

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5
Q

Protects and supports the body and its organs

A

Skeletal system

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6
Q

Allows for the production of offspring

A

Reproductive system

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7
Q

Slow acting control system that regulates bodily processes

A

Endocrine system

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8
Q

Encloses internal body structures

A

Integumentary system

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9
Q

Carries out gas exchanges through air sacs in the lungs

A

Respiratory system

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10
Q

Enables movement

A

Muscular system

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11
Q

Eliminates nitrogenous waste from the body

A

Urinary system

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12
Q

The circulatory loop that goes to and from the lungs is known as the

A

Pulmonary circulation

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13
Q

Carries highly oxygenated blood from the left side of the heart to all of the tissues of the body

A

Systemic circulation

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14
Q

The bottom tip of the heart is known as its

A

Apex

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15
Q

Generally have higher blood pressure and carry blood away from the heart

A

Arteries

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16
Q

Generally have lower blood pressure and carry blood toward the heart

A

Veins

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17
Q

Inflammation operates with a

A

Positive feedback loop

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18
Q

Granular leukocytes that act as the first responders to the site of an infection

A

Neutrophils

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19
Q

Granular leukocytes that trigger inflammation by releasing the chemicals heparin and histamine

A

Basophils

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20
Q

Once they have been activated by contact with a pathogen, they form plasma cells that produce antibodies

A

B lymphocytes

21
Q

Phagocytes able to consume pathogens, destroyed cells, and debris by phagocytosis

A

Macrophages

22
Q

Responsible for the detection of pathogenic antigens which are used to activate T cells and B cells

A

Dendritic cells

23
Q

Lymphocytes that are able to respond to a wide range of pathogens and cancerous cells

A

Natural killer cells

24
Q

Granular leukocytes that reduce allergic inflammation and help the body fight off parasites

A

Eosinophils

25
Q

Act as helpers of other immune cells or attack pathogens directly

A

T lymphocytes

26
Q

The smallest vessels of the lymphatic system are the

A

Lymph capillaries

27
Q

The process of making new blood cells and platelets and takes place in bone marrow

A

Hematopoiesis

28
Q

Bone with very low density and an open network that resembles a latticework with red bone marrow filling in the spaces between

A

Spongy bone

29
Q

A narrow, slit-like opening or an elongated cleft or gap

A

Fissure

30
Q

A chamber within a bone filled with air and lined with a mucous membrane

A

Sinus

31
Q

Small rounded projection

A

Tubercle

32
Q

A large, round or rough projection that may cover a broad area

A

Tuberosity

33
Q

Dense bone filled with organic ground substance an inorganic salts. Also called cortical bone.

A

Compact bone

34
Q

Narrow ridges of bone; generally less prominent

A

Line

35
Q

Layer of hyaline cartilage in growing bone, also called the growth plate

A

Epiphyseal plate

36
Q

Raised area above a condyle

A

Epicondyle

37
Q

Long tubular shaft that forms the axis of a typical long bone; the walls of the shaft are made primarily of compact bone

A

Diaphysis

38
Q

A smooth flat articular surface

A

Facet

39
Q

A round or oval opening through a bone

A

Foramen

40
Q

Areas where the epiphyses and diaphysis meet

A

Metaphysis

41
Q

A sharp, slender and often pointed process

A

Spine

42
Q

The cavity in a bone where the bone marrow is located

A

Medullary cavity

43
Q

A narrow ridge of bone; usually prominent

A

Crest

44
Q

A smooth rounded articular surface

A

Condyle

45
Q

A furrow or narrow trough in a bone

A

Sulcus

46
Q

Ends of the bones composed primarily of spongy bone

A

Epiphyses

47
Q

A shallow depression or recess in the surface of a bone

A

Fossa

48
Q

A very large, irregularly shaped projection

A

Trochanter

49
Q

Expanded proximal end of a bone carried on a narrow neck

A

Head

Anatomy Final Exam (3 decks)

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