Semester 1 History Exam Flashcards
Who is Allah?
The Arabic word for “God”
What is Sharia?
Translates to the “Way”
A Code of Law that all Muslims must follow.
What are the 5 Pillars of Faith?
The Quran and Muhammad’s teachings of right actions, rules, and laws.
Witness(Shahada)
A Testimony that there is only one God and that is Allah. (There is no God whatever, but the one God, Muhammad is the messenger of God.)
Worship(Salat)
Worship or Prayer, all Muslims have to Pray five times a day, facing the direction of the Ka’ba in Mecca. This reminds men and women that their relationship to God and takes their minds off everything else.
Fasting(Sawm)
Muslims must fast during the month of Ramadan, they must refrain from eating, drinking, and sexual intercourse from daybreak to sunset. This teaches discipline and abstinence and creates a common bond among muslims.
Tithing(Zakat)
Giving a certain percentage of income to the Poor or charities, wealthy muslims make gifts or bequests to feed the hungry , cure the sick, educate the young, or shelter the traveler.
Pilgrimage(Hajj)
The pilgrimage to Mecca during the twelfth month of the Muslim year, that all Muslims must take if they are able to. This trip excludes the sick or the poor who cannot afford the trip.
Hadith
A statement that was documented by a chain of reliable witnesses, actions or sayings by Muhammad that were put into the Sharia.
Hijrah
It means migration, it is the journey of Muhammad from Mecca to Medina to escape persecution.
Shiite
These are Muslims who believe that Muhammad’s legacy or leadership should be passed down to Ali.
Sunni
A Muslim who believe that
The Prophet Muhammad
He was a religious leader born in Mecca, founder of Islam. Viewed by Muslims as God’s messenger.
Quran
A collection of scriptures, given to Muhammad by the Angel Gabriel by God, it is a main source of Islamic Law, literature, and culture.
Marriage
Muslims believe that love between man and woman would come after they are married, these were arranged by parents that would tie two families together.
Dietary Restrictions
Muslims are not allowed to eat pork because it is considered to be unclean and cannot drink alcoholic beverages.
Jihad
Means defending Islam against attacks from non-muslims. Muslim struggle of evil within oneself, one’s associates, and the ummas, and it is a name of several Islamist groups.
Umma
The political, social, and spiritual community of Muslims.
Civil war in Syria
A conflict between the people of Syria, lots of chemical warfare, innocent civilians being injured or killed. Millions of Syrians have been living in refuge camps in different parts of the Middle East, most are in Jordan.
Limited Rights for women in Saudi Arabia
Women have been forbidden from traveling, conducting certain business, or undergoing certain surgeries without permission from male guardians. In 2012 Saudi Arabia reinforced sex segregation laws saying that women should not interact with men. Saudi Arabia also enforced a strict rule that says women do not have the right to drive.
Arab Spring
An uprising in the Middle East caused by anti-government protests that has lead to civil war amongst countries has had many casualities.
Change of Power in Egypt
Egypt’s first civilian and Islamist president, Mohammed Morsi, stayed in power for one year before being put out by the army on in of July 2013. Since this time, the army has had control over Egypt,
Ottoman Empire
A country that controlled from a northwestern part of Anatolia, spread to the Balkans, and most of the southwest of Asia, Egypt, and Costal North Africa. This was a very Multinational Islamic country.
The Prophet Muhammad
He was a religious leader born in Mecca, founder of Islam. Viewed by Muslims as God’s messenger.
Quran
A collection of scriptures, given to Muhammad by the Angel Gabriel by God, it is a main source of Islamic Law, literature, and culture.
Marriage
Muslims believe that love between man and woman would come after they are married, these were arranged by parents that would tie two families together.
Dietary Restrictions
Muslims are not allowed to eat pork because it is considered to be unclean and cannot drink alcoholic beverages.
Jihad
Means defending Islam against attacks from non-muslims. Muslim struggle of evil within oneself, one’s associates, and the ummas, and it is a name of several Islamist groups.
Umma
The political, social, and spiritual community of Muslims.
Civil war in Syria
A conflict between the people of Syria, lots of chemical warfare, innocent civilians being injured or killed. Millions of Syrians have been living in refuge camps in different parts of the Middle East, most are in Jordan.
Limited Rights for women in Saudi Arabia
Women have been forbidden from traveling, conducting certain business, or undergoing certain surgeries without permission from male guardians. In 2012 Saudi Arabia reinforced sex segregation laws saying that women should not interact with men. Saudi Arabia also enforced a strict rule that says women do not have the right to drive.
Arab Spring
An uprising in the Middle East caused by anti-government protests that has lead to civil war amongst countries has had many casualities.
Change of Power in Egypt
Egypt’s first civilian and Islamist president, Mohammed Morsi, stayed in power for one year before being put out by the army on in of July 2013. Since this time, the army has had control over Egypt,
Ottoman Empire
A country that controlled from a northwestern part of Anatolia, spread to the Balkans, and most of the southwest of Asia, Egypt, and Costal North Africa. This was a very Multinational Islamic country.
