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Physical Science > Semester 1 Final Exam Vocabulary > Flashcards

Semester 1 Final Exam Vocabulary Flashcards

Study for the Semester 1 Final Exam- Physical Science 9th Grade

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1
Q

Science

A

The study of the natural world.

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2
Q

Hypothesis

A

A possible explanation for a problem using what you know and observe.

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3
Q

Independent Variable

A

The variable that YOU change in order to see a certain result.

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4
Q

Dependent Variable

A

The variable that you OBSERVE.

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5
Q

Constant

A

The set of variables that you intentionally keep the same throughout all of the trials.

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6
Q

Control

A

The trial that is untested and is used for a comparison to your other trials.

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7
Q

Scientific Law

A

An explanation of how things work in the natural world. This is considered to be true all of the time.

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8
Q

Scientific Theory

A

An explanation of things based on observations and trials. It is mostly accepted.

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9
Q

Kinetic Theory

A

Explains how gas particles behave.

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10
Q

All matter is made of _______.

A

Atoms

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11
Q

Gas

A

Indefinite shape, indefinite volume.

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12
Q

Liquid

A

Indefinite shape, definite volume.

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13
Q

Solid

A

Definite shape, definite volume.

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14
Q

Plasma

A

Matter that has enough energy to overcome the forces within its atoms.

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15
Q

Amorphous solid

A

Does not have a patterned structure; can lose shape over time.

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16
Q

Crystalline Solid

A

Definite, repeating pattern and it keeps its shape over time.

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17
Q

Buoyancy

A

The ability of a fluid to exert an upward force on an object.

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18
Q

Boyle’s Law

A

Temperature and volume have a DIRECT relationship.

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19
Q

Charles’ Law

A

Pressure and volume have an INVERSE relationship.

20
Q

Mixture

A

A blend of two or more kinds of matter, each of which has its own identity and properties.

21
Q

Homogeneous

A

A type of mixture that is uniform in composition.

22
Q

Heterogeneous

A

A type of mixture that is not uniform, and you can easily see the parts.

23
Q

Pure Substance

A

Contains only one type of molecule- cannot be broken down any further.

24
Q

Element

A

The simplest form of matter.

25
Q

Compound

A

Two or more elements chemically bonded together.

26
Q

Qualitative Data

A

You can observe with your five senses.

27
Q

Quantitative Data

A

You can measure.

28
Q

Physical Changes

A

Do not change the identity of the substance; can usually be reversed.

29
Q

Chemical Changes

A

One or more substances are permanently changed into a different substance.

30
Q

Five Indicators of a Chemical Change

A 
Gives off Gas (bubbles)
Changes Color
Temperature Change
Forms a Solid (precipitate)
Burns
31
Q

Density

A

The amount of matter per unit of volume.

32
Q

Archimede’s Principle

A

How to find the volume of an irregularly shaped object.

33
Q

Wave Model

A

The current model of the atom we use today. Shows that there is an electron cloud surrounding the nucleus.

34
Q

Atom

A

The smallest particle of a given type of matter.

35
Q

Energy Level

A

The region of space in which electrons can move about the nucleus of an atom.

36
Q

Valence Electrons

A

The electrons in the outermost energy level of an atom.

37
Q

Atomic Mass

A

The “weighted” average of all the different isotopes of that element.

38
Q

Isotopes

A

Any of two or more atoms of an element that have the same number of protons, but have different number of neutrons.

39
Q

Scientific Method

A

A systematic approach used in scientific study; an organized process used by scientists to do research and to verify the work of others.

40
Q

Covalent Bond

A

Chemical bond formed between TWO NONMETALS, in which they SHARE electrons.

41
Q

Ionic Bond

A

Chemical bond formed between ONE METAL, and ONE NONMETAL, in which they STEAL electrons.

42
Q

Noble Gases

A

Group of elements that satisfy the octet rule, so they do not bond.

43
Q

Electronegativity

A

The ability for atoms to attract electrons.

44
Q

Polar Covalent Bond

A

Electrons are shared unequally.

45
Q

Nonpolar Covalent Bond

A

Electrons are shared equally.

46
Q

Accuracy

A

The data is very close to the known/accepted value.

47
Q

Precision

A

The data might not be close to the known/accepted value, but all of the data points were grouped closely together.

Physical Science (1 decks)

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