Semester 1 Exam Flashcards
1 Apollo 11 Stones
(25,500- 25,300 BC)-dated by later of dirt found in Namibia
Charcoal on stone
Windhoek, Namibia
2 Great Hall of the Bulls
(15,000-13,000 BC)
Paleolithic Europe
Rock Painting
Lascaux, France
3 Camelid Sacrum
(14,000-17,000 BC)
Central Mexico
Bone
lost (no place of residence)
4 Running Horned Woman
(6,000-4,000 BC)
Algeria
Pigment on Rock
Tassili n’Ajjer, Algeria
5 Bushel with Ibex Motifs
(4,200- 3,500 BC)
Susa CUlture (Iran)- in burial mound
painted terra cotta
Paris, France
6 Anthropomophic Stele
(4000-3000 BC)
Ha’il, Saudi Arabia
Sculpted Stone
National Museum in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
7 Jade Cong
(3,300- 2,200 BC)
Liangzhu Culture in the Yangtze River Delta of China (also make bi= round jade disc)
Carved Jade (must be sanded)
British Museum, London
-use unknown; always reclangle with cirlcular hole and horzontal striations
8 Stonehenge
(2,500-1,600 BC)
Wiltshire, UK–Neolithic Europe
Sandstone (each boulder 25 ft high and 25 tons)
related works: Ménec France, Zorats Karer
9 Ambum Stone
(1500 BC)- dated usinf foilage inside when broken in transport
Ambum Valley, Enga Province, Papua New Guine
stone carving (used as mortar and pestle)
Australia National Gallery, Canberra
10 Tlatilco female figurine
(1200–600 BC)
Tlatilco, Mesoamerica (present-day Mexico)- found in burail site
ceramic with traces of pigment
Princeton University Art Museum
- typical female association: breasts and wide hips
- emphasis on duality (shared body and eye)
11 Terracotta fragment
(1000 BC)
Lapita people; Santa Cruz Islands Polenesia
red-slip earthenware
University of Auckland
-you can see a face carved in
12 White Temple and its Ziggurat
(3517-3358 BC)
Uruk, Iraq (Sumerian)
Mudbrick
Warka, Iraq
13 The Palate of King Narmer
(3,000-2,920 BC)
Pre-Dynastic Egypt (Hierakonpolis, Egypt)
Greyware (sandstone and clay)
Egyptian Museum, Cairo
-used to grind pigments
14 The Votive Figures
(2700 BC)
Sumerian from the Square Temple at Eshnunna (Tell Asmar, Iraq)
gypsum alabaster, shell, black limestone, and bitumen
The Metropolitan Museum of Art (NY, NY)
15 Seated Scribe
(2620-2500 BC)
4th Dynasty, Old Kingdom Egypt
painted limestone with rock crystal, magnesite, and copper/arsenic inlay for the eyes
Musée du Louvre, Paris
16 Standard of Ur
(2600-2400 BC)
Royal Cemetery at Ur, Mesopotamia
shell, red limestone, lapis lazuli, and bitumen
British Museum, London
- tells story of war and eveyday life on either side
- buried next to a warrior
17 Great Pyramids of Giza and the Great Sphinx
(2551-2528 BC)
Giza, Egypt
50ton stone blocks
Giza
18 King Menkaura and Queen
(2490–2472 BC)
Menkaure’s Pyramid Giza, Egypt
greywacke
Museum of Fine Arts, Boston
19 The Law Code Stele of Hammurabi
(1792-1750 BC)
Babylon, Mesopotamia (Iraq)
Stele Carved; cuneiform inscribed
Louvre, Paris
20 Temple of Amun-Re and Hypostyle Hall
(2055-1650 BC)
18th and 19th Dynasties, New Kingdom
sandstone and mud brick
Luxor, Egypt
21 Mortuary Temple of Hatshepsut
(1479-1458 BC)
New Kingdom, Egypt
stone maonry
Deir el-Bahri, Egypt
22 Akhenaton, Nefertiti, and three daughters
(1350 BC)
New Kingdom, Amarna period, Egypt
limestone
Berlin, Germany
-new depiction of royalty in more soft, relatable sense
23 Tutankhamun’s tomb
(1323 BC)
New Kingdom, 18th Dynasty, Egypt
gold with inlay of enamel and semiprecious stones (form of a god)
Egyptian Museum, Cairo
24 Last judgment of Hu-Nefer, (Book of the Dead)
(1275 BC)
9th Dynasty, New Kingdom, Egypt
ink on papyrus
British Museum, London
25 Lamassu
(720-705 BC)
citadel of Sargon II, Dur Sharrukin (Khorsabad, Iraq)
Gypseous alabaster
Musée du Louvre, Paris
-have five legs; stoic front, welocoming side
27 Anavysos Kouros
(530 BC)
Greek
Marble
National Archaeological Museum, Athens
- figure is still and unatrually stiff
- statue of a dead kid
28 Peplos Kore
(530 BC)
Greek
Marble
Acropolis Museum, Athens
- peplos= young woman
- unrealistically stiff positioning of body
29 Sarcophagus of the Spouses
(520 BC)
Etruscan (Cerveteri, Italy)
painted terracotta
Museo Nazionale di Villa Giulia, Rome
-a couple lounging at a banquest, finly detailed
30 Audience Hall of Darius and Xeres (Persepolis)
(520-465 BC)
Achemedid Persia
limestone and mudbrick
Fars, Iran
- is an apadana
- lots of relief carving of military, etc
31 Temple of Minerva Sculpture of Apollo
(510-500 BC)
Etruscan
painted terra-cotta
Museo Nazionale di Villa Giulia, Rom
32 Tomb of the Triclinium
(470 BC)
Etruscan
frescos
Monterozzi necropolis of Tarquinia, Italy
-shows seens of a typical banquest: dancing, singing, eating ,etc
33 Niobides Krater
(460-450 BC)
Niobid Painter
red figure painting on clay
Musée du Louvre, Paris
-Apollo and Artemis killing Niobie’s children; other side= Heracles surrounded by Athena and heroes in arms
34 Doryphoros
(450-444 BC)
Greek Sculpture copied by Romans
original in bronze, copies in marble
Museo Archaeologico Nazionale, Naples
- Elizabeth’s Boy
- Canon: ideal form to strive to
mathmatical symmetry
35 Acropolis (two parts)
a)Parthenon
(447-432 BC)
Greek
Marble
Athens, Greece; some pieces in British Museum, London
- two pediments depict birth of Athena and battle between Athena and Posiedon, procession of citizens on Athena’s birthday
b) Victory adjusting her sandel, Temple of Athena Nike
(410 BC)
Greek
Marble
British Museum, London
-taking off sandal to step on sacred ground, important because of the counterbalance of figure
36 Grave Stele of Hegeso
(410 BC)
Greek, Post High Classical
marble and paint
National Archaeological Museum, Athens
- essentially a grave stone
- seated woman holding a pyxis (makeup box) with a maid standing next to her
37 Winged Victory of Samothrace
(190 BC)
Hellenistic Greece
marble
Musse de Louve, Paris
- goddes protecting island of Samothrace
- clothes look likt they are floeing in wind= high technique
38 Great Altar of Zeus and Athena at Pergamon
(200-150 BC)
Hellenistic Greek
Marble
Pergamon Museum, Berlin
-freeze is battle between giants and gods
39 House of the Vettii
creation date unknown preseved by 79 CE volcanic eruption
Roman
stone, bricks, and fresco
Pompeii, Italy
- fourth style frescos show literacy of owner
- two atriums= wealth of owner
40 Alexander Mosaic
(100 BC)
Roman
mosaic tile
House of the Faun, Pompeii, Italy
-tons of small pieces= more precise body form, etc
41 Seated Boxer
(100 BC)
Hellenistic
bronze
Museo Nazionale Romano, Rome
-stray from typical Greek “perfect” form to express sorrow
42 Head of a Roman Patrician
(75-50 BC)
Late Roman Republic
Marble
Palazzo Torlonia, Rome
-verism: realisti protrayal shows age and gavitas
43 Augustus of Prima Porta
(1st century CE)
Roman
Marble
Vatican Museum
-breastplate depicts the Gods as they are on Augusts’ side
44 Colosseum
(70-80 CE)
Roman
travertine and limestone
Rome, Italy
-for gladiatior fights and other entertainment
45 Forum of Trajan
(112-113 CE)
Roman
concrete and brick (markets), carera marble (colum), marble and stone (forum)
Rome, Italy
- colum depicts Trajan’s victory over the Dacians
- first of this style of market, individual office fronts, two stories
- lots of differnt colors of marble from around the world
46 Pantheon
(27 BC-14AD)
Roman
concrete
Rome, Italy
- large oculus dome is its defining feature
- rebuilt three times
- to celebrate military victory and all of the gods
47 Ludovisi Battle Sarcophagus
(250-260 CE)
Romans
marble
Museo Nazionale Romano-Palazzo Altemps, Rome
- Romans fighting the Goths
- stray from typicall singlr figure or space betwwen figures, instead piled atop eachother
48 Catacomb of Pricilla
(200-400 CE)
Christain Rome
carved tufa (bedrock) and paintings
Rome, Italy
- 40,000 tombs (loculi)
- lots of art, first depiction of maary and child?
49 Santa Sabina
(432 CE)
Roman
crystalized gypsum, marble, mosaic tile
Aventine Hill, Rome
50 Rebecca and Elizer at the Well and Jacob Wrestling the Angel
(500 CE)
Byzantine
tempera, gold and silver on purple vellum
Österreichische Nationalbibliothek, Vienna
-important picture curves instead of going straight
51 San Vitale
(526-547 CE)
Byzantine
reused brick, marble, and mosaics
Ravenna, Italy
- new style of cloumn capital unique to time
- two important mosaics Justinian and Theodora
52 The Hagia Sophia
(532-537 CE)
Byzantine
brick, gold, mosaic, fresco, plater
Istanbul, Turkey
- Greek Orthodox-> Muslim ->Museum
- debate over plastered over frescos and mosaics if they should be uncovered
54 Merovingian Looped Fibula
(550 CE)
Frankish
silver gilt worked in filigree with inlaid garnet and other stones
Musée des Antiquities Nationales, Saint-Germain-en-Laye
-decorative jewelry
55 Virgin and Child Between Saints Theodore and George
(600 CE)
Byzantine
Painting
St. Catherine’s Monastery, Sinai, Egypt
-all figures seem out of tune with viewer except baby Jesus
55 Lindisfarne Gospels
(700 CE)
Hiberno-Saxon
ink on paper
British Library
- large beginning letters= insular majiscule
- cross carpet patterns
56 Great Mosque of Córdoba
(572 CE)
Islam in Spain (Al-Andalus)
stone, mosaic, paint
Córdoba, Spain
- mix of Roman, Visigoth, and Abbasid architecture
- horseshoe arches
57 Pyxis of al-Mughira
(969 CE)
Umayyad
ivory and jade
Musée du Louvre, Paris
- ivory carving relatively new in islamic art at this point
- pyxis= cosmetic box
58 Church of Sainte-Foy
(1050–1130 CE)
Romanesque
sone, gold reliquary statue
Conques, France
- pilgrimage destination
- famous last judgement typmanum
- once a monestary as well
59 Bayeux Tapestry
(1070 CE)
Norman (French)
wool embroidery on cloth
Bayeux Museum
- William the Conquerer’s conquest of England
- scenes tell lots of culyute: battle gear, food prep/type, dining style, etc
60 Chartes Cathedral
( 1145 and 1194 CE)
Gothic France
Stone
Chartres, France
- Sancta Camisa, which is said to be the tunic of the Virgin Mary worn during Jesus Christ’s birth
- sort of transition between Romanesque and Gothic
61 Dedication Page with Blanche of Castille and King Louis IX
(1226-1234 CE)
Gothic Europe
gold foil and ink on paper
The Morgan Library and Museum (NY,NY)
-shows the king and his regent mother as well as a scribe and a priest
62 Rottgen Pieta
(1300-1325 CE)
Middle Ages Europe
painted wood
Rheinisches Landesmuseum, Bonn, Germany
-first pieta to show Mary with look of sorrow
63 Scrovengi Chapel
(1300-1303 CE)
Giotto (artist)
Marble, stone, fresco
Padua, Italy
- frescos depict life of Jesus; new style peoples’ backs face you seems af if you are in secene
- The Lamentation= important scene angels and people week over dead Christ
64 Golden Haggadah
(1320 CE)
Spanish Jews
Gold foil and ink on paper
British Library
- due to lack of use marks and extravagance for wealthy
- narrates freedom of Jews from Egypt (to be read at passover)
- influence of Christian art
65 Alhambra
(1232-1492 CE)
Nasrid Dynasty Muslims in Spain
stone, mosaics, carving
Granada, Spain
-palace complex
153 Chavín de Huántar
(900-200 BC)
Chavin culture
mudbrick and stone carving
Andean Peru
- two temples
- many carvings of god, Lanzon (Spear God)
154 Mesa Verde Cliff Dwellings
(400-1300 CE)
Puebloan Peoiple (Anasazi)
Mudbrick
Mesa Verde National Park, Colorado, USA
-all housing groups have a Kiva (hole with fire pit and a ceremonial sipapu)
155 Yaxchilán
(681 CE)
Mayan (Shield Jaguar II)
stone blocks and carved stone
Chipas, Mexico
-lintels= carvings; one of queen passing barbed rope through her tounge to let her blood
156 Great Serpent Mounds
(1000-1650 CE)
Fort Ancient Culture
Mounded earth
Ohio River Valley (SE Adams County, Ohio)
-not burial mound but people buried near it
157 Temple Mayor
(1375–1520 CE)
Aztec (Tenochtitlan)
Stucco
destroyed,ruins in Mexico City (smaller pieces found in museums in Mexico)
- Huitzilopochtli Temple: sacrifice stone
- Coyolxauhqui Stone: myth of Mexica patron goddess Huitzilopochtli
- Calendar Stone
158 Ruler’s Feather Headdress
(1428-1520 CE)
Aztec (Montezuma II)
Quetzal feathers, gold, beads
World Museum in Vienna
-disputes over where it should reside
167 Conical tower and circular wall of Great Zimbabwe
(1000-1400 CE)
Shona people of Zimbabwe
stone bricks
Zimbabwe
-tower= cylo for grain
168 Great Mosque of Djenné
(1200 CE) more adobe added each year
Sudano-Sahelian
adobe mudbrick
Djenné, Mali
181 Petra Treasury and Great Temple
(100 CE)
Nabatean
Carved rock cliff
Petra, Jordan
- Treasury, tombs, etc
- hellenistioc influence in columns
182 Bamiyan Buddhas
(500-600 CE)
Afghani Buddhists
Carved rock cliffs
Bamiyan Valley, Afghanistan
-first buddhas of this size/ not intended for circumambulation
183 The Kaaba
(rebuilt 608 CE)
Abraham (allegedly)
granite masonry covered with a silk curtain with calligraphy made from silver and gold thread, and gold door
Mecca, Saudi Arabia
- a new cover cloth is made evey year
- Hajj: people journey to it
184 Jowo Rinpoche
(600-650 CE)
Tibetain
gold, pearls. pigments, other stones
Jokhang Temple in Lhasa, Tibet
-said to be carved from a picture of buddah (only “real” depiction of him)
185 Dome of the Rock
(685-691 CE)
Umayyad (Abd al-Malik)
gold, stone, mosaic
Jerusalem, Isreal
- Important icscription on outside
- rock said to place of Muhammud’s night flight (goes to heaven for a short period) and Abraham was set to sacrifice his son
186 Great Mosque of Isfahan
(700-1900 CE)
Muslim (beginning with Seljuk Turks)
Stone, mosaic
Isfahan, Iran
-simple outside with extravagant and detailed interior
187 Folio from a Qur’an
(750-1000 CE)
Muslim
gold and ink on paper
Morgan Library and Museum, NY,NY
-specific planning; each page 9 lines
192 Great Stuppa Sanchi
(300 BC)
Ashoka
rammed earth and carved wood (lots of reliefs)
Sanch, India
- said to house one of Buddah’s relics
- built for circumambulation
193 Terracotta Warriors
(221-206 BC)
Qin Dynasty CHina (Qin Shirhuangdi)
sculpted terracotta (clay and water)
Xi’an, China
-each soldier has individual face (over 8,000 in complex)
194 Funeral banner of Lady Dai
(206 BC-220 CE)
Han Dynasty China
dyed silk
Hunan Provincial Museum, China
-first pictoral/portrait art in China
195 Longmen Caves
(475-725 CE)
Northern Wei and Tang Dynast China
stone relief carving
Luoyang, China
- style influenced by Bamiyan Buddha
- from traditional to more stylistic depictions
196 Gold and Jade Crown
(450-500 CE)
Silla Dynasty (Korea)
gold and jade
Gyeongju National Museum, Korea
-used for burial and ceremonial purposes
197 Todai-Ji
(728-740 CE)
Emperor Shomu
bronze, gold, lacquered pillars, and a tile roof
Nara, Japan
-holds the Vairocana Buddha
198 Borobudur Temple
(800 CE)
Śailendra Dynasty (architect= Gunadharma)
mounded earth (base to build upon), bricks
Java, Indonesia
- 72 stuppas and 504 buddha statues
- reliefs tell story of buddha teaching and following Dharma
- tiers represent different classes of life
199 Angkor Wat
(1100’s CE)
kingdom of Khmer (King Suryavarman II)
stone
Cambodia
- Hindu
- tiers= reincarnation levels
200 Lakshmana Temple
(954 CE)
Chandella (King Yashovarman)
Stone
Madhya Pradesh, India
- Hindu
- tiering= different levels of reincarnation
- Nagara style architecture; shrine known as vimana and a flat-roofed entry porch called mandapa
201 Travelers among Mountains and Streams
(1000 CE)
Fan Kuan
ink on silk scroll
National Palace Museum, Taibei)
-social class division (lower class (herder)-> stream (seperation)-> middle class (hill and tmeple)-> fog (seperation) -> ruling class (mountain)
202 Shiva as Lord of Dance
(10,000’s CE)
Chola Dynasty
copper alloy (bronze)
The Metropolitan Museum of Art, NY, NY
-shiva= destroyer
203 Night Attack on the Sanjô Palace
(1400 CE)
Kamakura Period Japan
ink and water color on a scroll
Museum of Fine Arts, Boston
- narrative (right to left); Fujiwara Nobuyori leads attack on Sanjo Palace
- depersonalized fiures (lines for eyes)
204 The David Vases
May 13, 1351
Yuan Dynasty China (Zhang Wenjin)
cobalt (from Iran=due to Mongol conquest) dyed porcelin
Bristish Museum, London
- specifically for the alter of a Daoist temple in Xingyuan, China
- earliest example of blue and white porcelin
205 Portrait of Sin Sukju
(1417-75 CE)
Joseon dynasty Korea
ink and color on silk
Goryeong Sin Family Collection, Cheongwon
-verism: realistic depiction in face
206 Forbidden City
(1420 CE; later continuously added to)
Ming and Quing China
Red walls with yellow tile roofs, gold, paintings, etc
Beijing, China
- housed 24 emperors
- inner (private) and outer (public) courts
- yellow five toed dragon= symbol of emperor
213 Nan Madol
(1180-1200 CE)
Saudeleur Dynasty
mainly coral, volcanic rock, and columnar basalt built upon pre-existing shallow coral flats
off coast of Pohnpei, Micronesia
- place where the nobles could live and be watched over and thus kept in line
214 Moai
(1200 CE)
Rapa Nui
most of volcanic tuff, 14 of basalt
Easter Island (far off Chile)
-face directly in towards where villages would be and their backs face directly to the ocean (“watching over” people)
