Semester 1

Question 1

What factors make an elite athlete?

Answer 1

Genetics, fitness, psychological factors, superior physical skill

Question 2

What does the beep test measure?

Answer 2

Muscular endurance, aerobic capacity

Question 3

What does the grip test measure?

Answer 3

Muscular power

Question 4

What does the 50m sprint test measure?

Answer 4

Muscular power, aerobic capacity

Question 5

What does the jump test measure?

Answer 5

Muscular power

Question 6

What does the sit and reach test measure?

Answer 6

Flexibility

Question 7

What does the wall sit test measure?

Answer 7

Muscular endurance

Question 8

How many energy systems work at once? Explain how.

Answer 8

3 energy system can work at once. It happens when, as one energy system is being used, the others are charging. For example, in a 400m sprint, the first 10 metres are your ATP-PC system, the next 150 is your anaerobic glycosis, and the last 200 or so is your aerobic system.

Question 9

What fuel is used for ATP-CP and what muscle fibres are involved?

Answer 9

Phosphate and white muscle fibres.

Question 10

What fuel is used for the anaerobic system and what muscle fibres are involved?

Answer 10

The fuel is glycolysis from glucose and muscle is white muscle and some red muscle.

Question 11

What is the main energy for aerobic system and what muscles are involved?

Answer 11

The fuel for the aerobic system is glucose and the muscle is red

Question 12

How much carbs, fats and protein should you have for a balanced diet?

Answer 12

60% carbs, 20% protein and 20% fat.

Question 13

What is GI?

Answer 13

GI means glycemic index, which is a measurement of how fast the glucose in specific foods hit the blood stream.

Question 14

Give three examples of high GI foods

Answer 14

White bread
White rice
Potatoes and potato products

Question 15

Give three examples of low GI food

Answer 15

Lentils and beans
Wholegrain bread
Pasta

Question 16

Explain carb loading

Answer 16

Changing your diet to maximise how much muscle and liver glycogen is stored. Start carb loading 3-4 days before.

Question 17

When does an athlete need to replenish glycogen and when?

Answer 17

The best way athletes can quickly replenish muscle glycogen is to consume 1.5 g of high-glycemic carbohydrates per 1 kg of body weight immediately after exercise.

Question 18

What causes fatigue?

Answer 18

Fatigue is caused when glycogen stores are depleted in muscles.

Question 19

What are ergogenic aids?

Answer 19

Ergogenic aids are substances that enhance your mental or physical performance. Some legal examples are; caffeine, sport drinks, and other electrolyte drinks that replenish nutrients lost in sweat.

Question 20

Explain how steroids benefit athletes and what type of athletes benefit from them?

Answer 20

Athletes benefit from steroids because it makes them much stronger and gives them the ability to go harder for longer. Sports that often involves the use of steroids are swimming, sprinting, boxing, cycling and weight lifting.

Question 21

Explain EPO.

Answer 21

EPO, or blood doping, is the procedure of removing blood from ones body, replenishing the nutrients in it, and then putting it back into the athlete. This is used mostly in cycling, as it massively improves stamina.

Question 22

What are the two types of blood doping?

Answer 22

EPO and blood transfusions.

Question 23

Explain the inverted U theory.

Answer 23

The inverted U theory refers to an athletes arousal. If an athlete is not psyched up for his event, performance will be below par.

Question 24

How can attention be improved?

Answer 24

By drinking lots of caffeine before an event.

Question 25

What is mental imagery?

Answer 25

Mental imagery is a way of arousing an athlete into doing they’re best performance. This can be achieved by a pep talk from a coach, telling them to envision winning their event etc.

Question 26

What are the two types of motivation? Provide an example.

Answer 26

Intrinsic motivation and extrinsic motivation. Intrinsic is fuelled by the athletes love and passion for the sport, they are motivated because they enjoy the sport. Extrinsic motivation is when an athlete wants to do well because of the rewards they might achieve, like money, fame etc.

Question 27

What are some tactics used to control arousal?

Answer 27

Rehearse the event, remember sport is about having fun, gather a set of like-minded people around you, and have a plan of attack.

Question 28

What drink is for before an event?

Answer 28

Hypertonic

Question 29

What drink is for during an event?

Answer 29

Isotonic

Question 30

What drink is for after an event?

Answer 30

Hypotonic