semester 1

Question 1

What are smart systems?

Answer 1

Smart systems use sensors to gather data, transmit it to control units that describe and analyse a
situation, to make decisions and control actuators to perform “smart” actions.

Question 2

What is a sensor?

Answer 2

A device that measures a physical property

Question 3

What are control units?

Answer 3

Computers or microcontrollers that can be programmed to perform advanced functions.

Question 4

Actuators

Answer 4

Devices that affect the physical environment by doing work (actual work)

Question 5

Binary

Answer 5

Information stored in the form of 0 and 1

Question 6

How is Boolean function similar to binary?

Answer 6

In both systems there are two states 0 and 1 vs true and false

Question 7

What is the Boolean function?

Answer 7

The concept of boolean is that there are only two possible states true and false.

Question 8

What are the boolean gates?

Answer 8

Boolean gates are components that take one or more inputs and implement a Boolean function (determining true or false)

Question 9

The types of Boolean gates?

Answer 9

(DULL ROUND TEETH) And gate- both streams of information has to be true to get a true output

(SHARK TEETH) Or gate- either one or both has to be true to get true output

(TRIANGLE) Not gate- Inverts the input

Question 10

What are truth tables used for?

Answer 10

They are used to represent the result of a logical expression (Boolean) for all possible combinations of the input values.

Question 11

Logical Circuits

Answer 11

A graphical way to represent logic (like a flowchart) using logical actions and gates.

Question 12

What are:
Bit-
Byte-
ASCII

Answer 12

Bit

A bit of information stores a single binary value

Byte

8 bits of information form a byte.

ASCII

The American Standard Code for Information Interchange is a data interchange format that allows the encoding of letters, symbols, etc into number equivalents that can be stored as binary values.

Question 13

Comments

Answer 13

Commenting in python is done by putting a # hash symbol before text. Anything after the # is considered a comment on the same line.

We use comments to write ‘notes’ or ‘document’ sections of code.

Question 14

Console

Answer 14

The console is where the python interpreter runs (i.e. command line). This provides an interactive means to talk to Python (via input provided).

Question 15

Output

Answer 15

We can display output to the user on the console using the print() syntax.

Question 16

Data Types

Answer 16

Python allows for storage and use of certain types of data (data types). The basic ones we talked about here are: string (i.e. text), integers (whole numbers), and floats (decimals).

Question 17

Variables

Answer 17

We can use a variable to store values temporarily (they exist in memory while your python program is running).

Question 18

input

Answer 18

We can get input from the user on the console using the input() syntax. Note that the value provided from input() is always a string.

Question 19

Remainder

Answer 19

x%y

Question 20

Rounding

Answer 20

round(x, precision)

Question 21

power

Answer 21

x**y

Question 22

get data types

Answer 22

type(x)

Question 23

Converting between data types

Answer 23

to intiger- int(x)

to float- float(x)

to string- str(x)

Question 24

Module

Answer 24

Value of PI
math.pi
Degrees to radians
math.radians(x)
Radians to degrees
math.degrees(x)
Sine
math.sin(x)
Cosine
math.cos(x)
Tangent
math.tan(x)
Square Root
math.sqrt(x)
Round down
math.floor(x)
Round up
math.ceil(x)