SEMEN ANALYSIS Flashcards
<5%
Spermatozoa
formed in seminiferous tubules
Spermatozoa
60%
Yellow alkaline fluid (Seminal vesicle)
20%
Milky fluid
pH 6.5
Acidic
Proteolytic enzymes and acid phosphatase
Prostate gland
Alkaline mucus
Bulbourethral glands
neutralize acidity
Bulbourethral glands
Clear viscid fluid and lubrication
1st fraction
Spermatozoa and prostate secretion
2nd fraction
Mucoid secretion
3rd fraction
Sexual Abstinence:
2 to 7 days
Decrease sperm concentration
<2
Decrease motility
> 7
Sent to lab within ______ after collection
1 hour
Request/container must include:
Name
period of abstinence
date/time of collection
ID number
liquefaction time:
15-60 mins
yellow color
urine contamination
prolonged abstinence
drugs
clear
Low sperm concentration
Red
Hematospermia
Turbidity
Mucous streaks
WBC
Increase viscosity:
incomplete liquefaction
prostate dysfunction
chronic inflammation
Normal Volume:
1.5 ml (LRL)
Decrease value:
obstruction
accessory sex gland abnormality
incomplete specimen collection
assoc. with infertility
Increase value:
assoc. with varicocoele
sexual abstinence
pH normal value:
> 7.0 (7.2 - 7.8)
acid secretion
prostate
alkaline secretion
seminal vesicle
Decrease pH values:
Increase prostatic fluid
Agenesis of seminal vesicle
Increase pH values:
Infection
Sperm count is determined by _________.
Hemocytometer method
Dilution
1:20
Diluent
NaHCO3
Formalin
Purified water
Count ____ WBC squares
4
Multiply by _________
50,000
Lower reference limit
15 x 106/mL
Subfertile
<15 x 106/mL
Infertile
<4 x 106/mL
no movement
Grade 0
minimal forward progression
Grade 1
poor to fair activity
Grade 2
good activity with tail movement visualized
Grade 3
full activity with tail movement difficult to visualized
Grade 4
Normal sperm motility
50% motile
Total lower reference limit for total motility (PR+NP) is _____.
40%
Total lower reference limit for Progressive motility is ____.
32%
Lower reference limit for sperm morphology:
4% normal forms
Absence of semen
Aspermia
Absence of sperm
Azoospermia
Low semen volume
Hypospermia
High semen volume
Hyperspermia
Low sperm count
Oligozoospermia
Poor sperm motility
Asthenozoospermia
More morphologic defects than usual
Teratozoospermia
Presence of dead sperm
Necrozoospermia
presence of increased levels of white blood cells in the seminal fluid
Leucospermia