Semantics

Question 1

semantics

Answer 1

the study of the meaning of morphemes, words, phrases and sentences.

Question 2

pragmatics

Answer 2

the meaning of language in its context of use.

Question 3

metaphor

Answer 3

a figure of speech in which a term is transferred from the object it ordinarily designates to an object it may designate only by implicit comparison or analogy.

Question 4

pragmatics

Answer 4

the way speakers use language to express themselves.

Question 5

metonymy

Answer 5

a figure of speech in which an attribute or commonly associated feature is used to name or designate something.

Question 6

synecdoche

Answer 6

a figure of speech by which a more inclusive term is used for a less inclusive one, or vice versa

Question 7

connotation

Answer 7

the particular ones evoked depend upon the context in which words are used.

Question 8

denotation

Answer 8

connotation can become denotation.

Question 9

syntagmatic

Answer 9

the way lexemes are related in sentences.

Question 10

paradigmatic

Answer 10

the way words can substitute for each other in the same sentence context.

Question 11

synonymy

Answer 11

the sameness of meaning.

Question 12

hyponymy

Answer 12

inclusion of meaning.

Question 13

antonymy

Answer 13

oppositeness of meaning.

Question 14

incompatibility

Answer 14

mutual exclusiveness within the same superordinate category.

Question 15

homonymy

Answer 15

two words are homonyms if they are (accidentally) pronounced the same.

Question 16

polysemy

Answer 16

a single word is polysemous if it has several meanings.

Question 17

compositional semantics

Answer 17

arises in the case of natural language meaning.

Question 18

reference

Answer 18

what it corresponds to in the world.

Question 19

sense

Answer 19

whether or not we know anything about its extension.

Question 20

possible worlds semantics

Answer 20

extensional.

Question 21

principle of compositionality

Answer 21

the semantic meaning of any unit of language is determined by the semantic meanings of its parts along with the way they are put together.

Question 22

denotative meaning

Answer 22

the essential qualities of a concept that distinguish it from other concepts.

Question 23

connotative meaning

Answer 23

the additional or associated meaning, is attached to the denotative, conceptual meaning. It consists of associations made with a concept whenever that concept is referred to.

Question 24

social meaning

Answer 24

a word possesses by virtue of its use in particular social situations and
circumstances.

Question 25

thematic meaning

Answer 25

it lies in the manner in which a message is organized for emphasis.

Question 26

the Conceptual Theory of Meaning

Answer 26

the conceptual theory of the meaning of words and things is related through the mediation of concepts of the mind.

Question 27

the Behavioristic Theory of Meaning

Answer 27

in terms of the context in which language is used.

Question 28

the types lexical relations

Answer 28

synonymy
antonymy

Question 29

antonyms are usually of two main kinds

Answer 29

gradable
non-gradable

Question 30

collocation

Answer 30

those words which tend to occur with other words.