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Chemistry Semester 1 > Sem1 > Flashcards

Sem1 Flashcards

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0
Q

Definite volume and definite shape

A

Solid

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1
Q

High temperature state where electrons are stripped away

A

Plasma

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2
Q

Variable volume in variable shape

A

Gas

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3
Q

Definite volume in variable shape

A

Liquid

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4
Q

Most common state of matter in the universe

A

Plasma

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5
Q

What is the main difference between substances and mixtures?

A

Substances can only be separated by chemical or nuclear means

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6
Q

What is the general characteristic of noble gases?

A

They are chemically inert

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7
Q

What is any substance that has definite composition?

A

The chemical

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8
Q

Which of the following is an extensive property of matter; melting point, volume, boiling point, or density?

A

Volume

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9
Q

What are the two most important properties of all matter?

A

Taking up space and having mass

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10
Q

What is a substance made of atoms of two or elements that are chemically bonded and can be broken down into simpler, stable substances

A

compound

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11
Q

Matter includes all the following except; air, smoke, light, water vapor?

A

Light

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12
Q

Which of the following is not a chemical change? Rusting, melting, igniting, or burning

A

Melting

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13
Q

If a mixture is uniform in composition, it is said to be

A

Homogeneous

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14
Q

A homogeneous mixture is also known as

A

A solution

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15
Q

A mixture that is not uniform throughout is also known as

A

Heterogeneous

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16
Q

The vertical columns on the periodic table are called?

A

Groups

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17
Q

The horizontal rows on the periodic table are called

A

Periods

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18
Q

Name three ways and make sure might be separated

A

a magnet to separate magnetic materials from non magnetics

Putting it into water to separate floating objects from non-floating objects

Boiling it to separate liquid objects from solid objects

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19
Q

What Elements symbol is the letter H?

A

Hydrogen

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20
Q

What is the name of group that contains the element Lithium?

A

Alkali

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21
Q

What are the two different forms of matter?

A

Mixture or pure substance

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22
Q

What are the two different forms of a mixture?

A

Heterogeneous and homogeneous

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23
Q

What are the two different forms of pure substance?

A

Element and a compound

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24
Q

List three properties of metal

A

Malleable, can conduct heat, and can conduct electricity

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25
Q

Name three properties of nonmetals

A

Brittle, and insulator, and cannot conduct electricity

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26
Q

Who studied hydrogens emission spectrum and developed the idea of quantum levels?

A

Bohr

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27
Q

Who is credited with the creation of the periodic table?

A

Mendeleev

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28
Q

Who stated that and electrons position and momentum cannot be known at the same time?

A

Heisenberg

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29
Q

What is the speed of light?

A

3.0x10^8

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30
Q

C=λv

A

Plank’s constant = wavelength x speed of light

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31
Q

Energy is most closely related to?

A

Frequency

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32
Q

true or false: the photo electric affect refers to the omission of electrons from a metal when light shines on the metal

A

True

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33
Q

When energy (such as heat or electricity) is absorbed by an atom, it’s electrons becomes___________.

A

excited

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34
Q

When an electron is in an excited state, it releases energy by__________.

A

Emitting a photon

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35
Q

The principal quantum number is

A

The main energy level

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36
Q

The angular momentum quantum number is the

A

Shape of the orbitals (s,p,d,f)

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37
Q

What is the spin quantum number?

A

+1/2 or -1/2

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38
Q

What is the magnetic quantum number?

A

The orientation around the nucleus

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39
Q
A

F orbital

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40
Q

Why orbital does this look like: ⚫️?

A

S orbital

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41
Q

What orbital does the number 8 look like?

A

P orbital

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42
Q

What orbital does the 8 with a circle around it look like?

A

D orbital

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43
Q

Orbital notation for oxygen?

A

1s⬆️⬇️2s⬆️⬇️2p⬆️⬇️⬆️⬆️

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44
Q

Noble gas notation for copper

A

[Ar] 4s^2 3d^9

45
Q

Put Ca, K, and Al in order from most reactive to least

A

K, Ca, Al

46
Q

List the electromagnetic spectrum from high wavelength and low frequency to low wavelength and high frequency

A

Radio waves, microwaves, infrared, ROYGBV, ultraviolet, x-rays, gamma rays.

47
Q

Who used philosophical argument rather than experiment?

A

Dalton

48
Q

Who conducted the cathode ray experiment?

A

Thompson

49
Q

Who was credited with the idea of the atom? He called it “atomos” or indivisible pieces.

A

Democritus

50
Q

Who created the isolated radium?

A

Curie

51
Q

Who stated that matter is not destroyed in ordinary chemical reactions?

A

Lavoisier

52
Q

Who stated that an atom is mostly empty space with the densely packed, positively charged nucleus?

A

Rutherford

53
Q

Who put together a comprehensive theory that used to be referred as the “__________’s law”.

A

Dalton

54
Q

Who conducted the gold foil experiment?

A

Rutherford

55
Q

Who created the charge to mass ratio of the electron?

A

Thompson

56
Q

Who stated that the mass of the reactants must equal the mass of the products?

A

Lavoisier

57
Q

Where is the proton located in the atom, what is its relative mass (AMU), and what is its relative charge?

A

Nucleus, one AMU, and positive

58
Q

Where is the neutron located in the atom, what is its relative mass (Amu), and what is its relative charge?

A

In the nucleus, 1 amu, neutral

59
Q

Where is the electron located in the atom, what is its relative mass (amu), and what is its relative charge?

A

In the orbitals, 1/2000 AMU, and negative

60
Q

In oxides of nitrogen, such as N2O, NO, NO2, and N2O3, atoms combine in small whole number ratio’s. This evidence supports the law of

A

Multiple proportions

61
Q

Table salt, NaCl Will have the same percentage by mass of sodium and chlorine. This is true if we analyze a teaspoon or a truckload and is true if the NaCl comes from down the street or from China. This evidence supports the law of

A

Definite composition

62
Q

A sparkler is place in a sealed jar and the systems mass is measured. The sparkler is lit and the jar filled with smoke. The sealed jar system is found to have the same mass as it did before the sparkler was lit. This evidence supports the law of

A

The law of conservation of mass

63
Q

All atoms of the same element have the same what?

A

Atomic number

64
Q

In the periodic table, the mass of an element is the weighted average of the atomic masses of its

A

Naturally occurring isotopes

65
Q

The number of Adams in a mall or any pure substance is called

A

Avagadros number

66
Q

What is Avagadros number?

A

6.022x10^23

67
Q

H₃PO₄

A

phosphoric acid

68
Q

HClO₂

A

chlorous acid

69
Q

HClO₃

A

chloric acid

70
Q

HF

A

hydrofluoric acid

71
Q

HClO

A

hypochlorous acid

72
Q

H₂SO₃

A

sulfurous acid

73
Q

H₂SO₄

A

sulfuric acid

74
Q

HCl

A

hydrochloric acid

75
Q

HNO₂

A

nitrous acid

76
Q

H₂CO₃

A

carbonic acid

77
Q

H₃PO₄

A

phosphoric acid

78
Q

HClO₄

A

perchloric acid

79
Q

HC₂H₃O₂

A

acetic acid

80
Q

HNO₃

A

nitric acid

81
Q

HBr

A

Hydrobromic acid

82
Q

HI

A

hydroiodic acid

83
Q

NH4 +

A

ammonium

84
Q

H3O +

A

hydronium

85
Q

C2H3O2 -

A

acetate

86
Q

BrO3 -

A

bromate

87
Q

ClO3 -

A

chlorate

88
Q

ClO2 -

A

chorite

89
Q

CN -

A

cyanide

90
Q

H2PO4 -

A

dihydrogen phosphate

91
Q

HCO3 -

A

hydrogen carbonate

92
Q

HSO4 -

A

hydrogen sulfate

93
Q

OH -

A

hydroxide

94
Q

OH -

A

hypochlorite

95
Q

NO3 -

A

nitrate

96
Q

NO2 -

A

nitrite

97
Q

ClO4 -

A

perchlorate

98
Q

MnO4 -

A

permanganate

99
Q

SCN -

A

thyocyanate

100
Q

CO3 2-

A

carbonate

101
Q

CrO4 2-

A

chromate

102
Q

Cr2O7 2-

A

dichromate

103
Q

HPO4 2-

A

hydrogen phosphate

104
Q

C2O4 2-

A

oxalate

105
Q

O2 2-

A

peroxide

106
Q

SO4 2-

A

sulfate

107
Q

SO3 2-

A

sulfite

108
Q

AsO4 3-

A

arsenate

109
Q

PO4 3-

A

phosphate

110
Q

BO4 3-

A

borate

Chemistry Semester 1 (1 decks)

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