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Sensation & Perception > SEM 2 > Flashcards

SEM 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Orbitofrontal cortex

A

Area in which cells respond to taste and smell

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2
Q

Posterior parietal cortex

A

Area in which cells respond to touch, vision, audition and are organised according to spatial location

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3
Q

Uses of multi-sensory integration

A
  1. Detection of weak stimulus is another modality
  2. Make sense of an ambiguous stimulus in another modality
  3. Alter quality of a stimulus in another modality
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4
Q

McGurk effect

A

Visual information influences the sound e.g. ventriloquism

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5
Q

Proprioception

A

Knowing where body is located in space

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6
Q

Kinaesthesia

A

Sense of movement

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7
Q

Synaesthesia

A

Stimulation leads to another perceptual experience e.g. tasting shapes

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8
Q

Proust effect

A

Vivid memories bring back particular smells - close linkage between smell and the limbic system

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9
Q

Marr’s approach process

A

Retinal Image - Grey level description - Primal sketch - 2.5 sketch - 3D representation

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10
Q

Stages of computational model

A

Computational theory
Algorithmic level
Mechanism level

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11
Q

Gestalt laws

A
  1. Similarity
  2. Good continuation
  3. Proximity
  4. Connectedness
  5. Closure
  6. Common Fate
  7. Familiarity
  8. Invariance
  9. Good Figure
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12
Q

Reification

A

Gives more spatial information than is present

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13
Q

Properties affecting distinction between figure and background

A 
Symmetry
Convexity 
Area
Orientation 
Meaning/Importance
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14
Q

Cues to depth

A
  1. Oculomotor cues
  2. Pictorial
  3. Motion-produced
  4. Binocular disparity
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15
Q

Types of pictorial cues

A
  1. Occlusion
  2. Relative size
  3. Relative height
  4. Atmospheric perspective
  5. Familiar size
  6. Linear perspective
  7. Shading and shadow
  8. Texture gradient
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16
Q

Motion parallax

A

Nearby objects move faster than those further away - head bobbing, orthogonal running

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17
Q

5 ways to make a spot of light move

A
  1. Real Movement
  2. Apparent movement
  3. Induced movement
  4. Autokinetic Movement
  5. Movement aftereffects
18
Q

Helmholtz’s outflow theory

A

Difference between internal signal to brain and efferent signal from world causes movement to be perceived

19
Q

Ossicles

A

Malleus, Incus, Stapes

20
Q

Doppler effect

A

High frequency sounds lost over longer distances - sound lower frequency

21
Q

Binaural space perception

A

Use interaural intensity and time differences to determine direction
Head shadow causes attenuation

22
Q

Precedence effect

A

Perceive sound as coming from initial source rather than reflecting continuously e.g. echoes

23
Q

Shepard Tones

A

continuously ascending scale - ambigious sounds

24
Q

Sine-wave speech

A

Remove acoustic cues from audio - when told what’s said it’s easier to hear

25
Q

Merkel’s disc

A

Fine details receptor

26
Q

Meissner’s corpuscle

A

flutter sensations

27
Q

Ruffini organ

A

Stretching of skin

28
Q

Pacinian corpuscle

A

Vibrations and fine textures

29
Q

Why is 2 point discrimination greatest in finger tip?

A

Density of receptors greater in finger tip - if cells are too far apart only one is stimulated so one point is sensed

30
Q

Tactile agnosia

WHAT

A

Difficulty identifying objects by touch, but not with spatial processing

31
Q

Tactile extinction

WHERE

A

Difficulty perceiving spatial processing, but not with object recognition

32
Q

Types of distortions

A
  1. Muller-Lyer
  2. Ponzo Illusion
  3. Poggendorff Illusion
  4. Hering Illusion
  5. Wundt Illusion
  6. Tichtner Illusion
33
Q

Muller-Lyer

A

Different sized lines

34
Q

Ponzo Illusion

A

Converging lines

35
Q

Poggendorff Illusion

A

Straight line behind rectangle

36
Q

Hering Illusion

A

Convergence of lines in centre

37
Q

Wundt Illusion

A

Divergence of lines in centre

38
Q

Tichtner Illusion

A

Over emphasis of size differences in grouped objects

39
Q

Types of ambiguous figures

A
  1. Necker cube
  2. Rubin Vase
  3. Forced Interpretation
40
Q

Types of fictional illusions

A
  1. Kanizsa Triangle

2. Ames Room

Sensation & Perception (1 decks)

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