sem 2

Question 1

why use Linux OS systems?

Answer 1

it is widely used in servers and embedded devices such as LAN, wifi-networks.

Question 2

what is a linux distribution?

Answer 2

A Linux Distribution is an OS that is based of the Linux Kernel, and it comes with a software collection.

some distributions of Linux are Redhat, Ubuntu..

Question 3

what are the characteristics of Linux?

Answer 3

1. they are powerful and can be changed easily.
2. they have a modular architecture, and the modules can be stackable
3. open-sourced.

Question 4

cd desktop
mkdir newfolder

Answer 4

a new folder named “new folder” is created under desktop directory.

Question 5

cd desktop
mkdir newfolder{1…100}

Answer 5

creates 100 files named “newfolder1” till “newfolder100”

Question 6

cd desktop
rmdir newfolder{1…100}

Answer 6

removes the 100 folders made

Question 7

pwd

Answer 7

shows the directory we are currently in

Question 8

nano newfile1.txt
OR
gedit newfile1.txt

Answer 8

can insert info inside the newfile1
txt tells us it is a text file.

Question 9

ps -e

Answer 9

shows all the processes running in the system monitor

Question 10

ps -e | grep firefox

Answer 10

helps us to see the program running in firefox

Question 11

free

Answer 11

shows the amount of physical and virtual memory

Question 12

df

Answer 12

shows the amount of memory free, amount of used space of each file system.

Question 13

df -Th

Answer 13

tells us the amount of memory used or left in gigabytes, which is human readable.

Question 14

df -T

Answer 14

tells us the file system types

Question 15

3 desirable properties of files

Answer 15

1. long-term existence
2. organised into hierarchical structure
3. shareable between processes

Question 16

2 ways

Answer 16

1. launch firefox and email it to yourself
2. copy file and put it in the shared folder

Question 17

absolute path vs relative path

Question 18

touch command

Answer 18

to create a file (like to include within a script)

Question 19

echo “a new line”&raquo_space; abc.txt

Answer 19

“a new line” will be inside the file

Question 20

cat abc.txt

Answer 20

’ a new line ‘ is the result

Question 21

cp abc.txt def.txt

Answer 21

abc.txt is the name of the file u want to duplicate (source)

def.txt is the name of the new duplicated file (destination)

Question 22

rm def.txt

Answer 22

deletes the file and it is unrecoverable.

Question 23

shell script

Question 24

3 File allocation methods

Answer 24

1. contiguous allocation
2. chained allocation
3. indexed allocation

Question 25

bash script

Answer 25

!/bin/bash

Question 26

chmod

Question 27

shell script act 6