Self-Test CASP Questions Flashcards
An infrastructure team is at the end of a procurement process and has selected a vendor. As part of the final negotiations, there are a number of outstanding issues, including:
- Indemnity clauses have identified the maximum liability
- The data will be hosted and managed outside of the company’s geographical location
The number of users accessing the system will be small, and no sensitive data will be hosted in the solution. As the security consultant on the project, which of the following should the project’s security consultant recommend as the NEXT step?
- Develop a security exemption, as it does not meet the security policies
- Mitigate the risk by asking the vendor to accept the in-country privacy principles
- Require the solution owner to accept the identified risks and consequences
- Review the entire procurement process to determine the lessons learned
- Require the solution owner to accept the identified risks and consequences
An SQL database is no longer accessible online due to a recent security breach. An investigation reveals that unauthorized access to the database was possible due to an SQL injection vulnerability. To prevent this type of breach in the future, which of the following security controls should be put in place before bringing the database
back online? (Choose two.)
- Secure storage policies
- Browser security updates
- Input validation
- Web application firewall
- Secure coding standards
- Database activity monitoring
- Input validation
- Database activity monitoring
Given the following output from a local PC:
— image of ipconfig —
Which of the following ACLs on a stateful host-based firewall would allow the PC to serve an intranet website?
- Allow 172.30.0.28:80 -> ANY
- Allow 172.30.0.28:80 -> 172.30.0.0/16
- Allow 172.30.0.28:80 -> 172.30.0.28:443
- Allow 172.30.0.28:80 -> 172.30.0.28:53
- Allow 172.30.0.28:80 -> 172.30.0.0/16
A penetration tester has been contracted to conduct a physical assessment of a site. Which of the following is the MOST plausible method of social engineering to be conducted during this engagement?
- Randomly calling customer employees and posing as a help desk technician requiring user password to resolve issues
- Posing as a copier service technician and indicating the equipment had “phoned home” to alert the technician for a service call
- Simulating an illness while at a client location for a sales call and then recovering once listening devices are installed
- Obtaining fake government credentials and impersonating law enforcement to gain access to a company facility
- Posing as a copier service technician and indicating the equipment had “phoned home” to alert the technician for a service call
A penetration tester is conducting an assessment on Comptia.org and runs the following command from a coffee shop while connected to the public Internet:
– image of nslookup of comptia.org’s mail exchange –
Which of the following should the penetration tester conclude about the command output?
- The public/private views on the Comptia.org DNS servers are misconfigured
- Comptia.org is running an older mail server, which may be vulnerable to exploits
- The DNS SPF records have not been updated for Comptia.org
- 192.168.102.67 is a backup mail server that may be more vulnerable to attack
- Comptia.org is running an older mail server, which may be vulnerable to exploits
Two new technical SMB security settings have been enforced and have also become policies that increase secure communications.
Network Client: Digitally sign communication
Network Server: Digitally sign communication
A storage administrator in a remote location with a legacy storage array, which contains time-sensitive data, reports employees can no longer connect to their department shares. Which of the following mitigation strategies should an information security manager recommend to the data owner?
- Accept the risk, reverse the settings for the remote location, and have the remote location file a risk exception until the legacy storage device can be upgraded
- Accept the risk for the remote location, and reverse the settings indefinitely since the legacy storage device will not be upgraded
- Mitigate the risk for the remote location by suggesting a move to a cloud service provider. Have the remote location request an indefinite risk exception for the use of cloud storage
- Avoid the risk, leave the settings alone, and decommission the legacy storage device
- Accept the risk, reverse the settings for the remote location, and have the remote location file a risk exception until the legacy storage device can be upgraded
A systems security engineer is assisting an organization’s market survey team in reviewing requirements for an upcoming acquisition of mobile devices. The engineer expresses concerns to the survey team about a particular class of devices that uses a separate SoC for baseband radio I/O. For which of the following reasons is the engineer concerned?
- These devices can communicate over networks older than HSPA+ and LTE standards, exposing device communications to poor encryptions routines
- The organization will be unable to restrict the use of NFC, electromagnetic induction, and Bluetooth technologies
- The associated firmware is more likely to remain out of date and potentially vulnerable
- The manufacturers of the baseband radios are unable to enforce mandatory access controls within their
driver set
- The organization will be unable to restrict the use of NFC, electromagnetic induction, and Bluetooth technologies
During a security assessment, an organization is advised of inadequate control over network segmentation. The assessor explains that the organization’s reliance on VLANs to segment traffic is insufficient to provide segmentation based on regulatory standards. Which of the following should the organization consider implementing along with VLANs to provide a greater level of segmentation?
- Air gaps
- Access control lists
- Spanning tree protocol
- Network virtualization
- Elastic load balancing
- Air gaps
A security administrator was informed that a server unexpectedly rebooted. The administrator received an export of syslog entries for analysis:
— image of syslog —
Which of the following does the log sample indicate? (Choose two.)
- A root user performed an injection attack via kernel module
- Encrypted payroll data was successfully decrypted by the attacker
- Jsmith successfully used a privilege escalation attack
- Payroll data was exfiltrated to an attacker-controlled host
- Buffer overflow in memory paging caused a kernel panic
- Syslog entries were lost due to the host being rebooted
- Jsmith successfully used a privilege escalation attack
- Buffer overflow in memory paging caused a kernel panic
An organization has employed the services of an auditing firm to perform a gap assessment in preparation for an upcoming audit. As part of the gap assessment, the auditor supporting the assessment recommends the organization engage with other industry partners to share information about emerging attacks to organizations in the industry in which the organization functions. Which of the following types of information could be drawn
from such participation?
- Threat modeling
- Risk assessment
- Vulnerability data
- Threat intelligence
- Risk metrics
- Exploit frameworks
- Threat intelligence
A security analyst is reviewing the corporate MDM settings and notices some disabled settings, which consequently permit users to download programs from untrusted developers and manually install them. After some conversations, it is confirmed that these settings were disabled to support the internal development of mobile applications. The security analyst is now recommending that developers and testers have a separate device profile allowing this, and that the rest of the organization’s users do not have the ability to manually download and install untrusted applications. Which of the following settings should be toggled to achieve the goal? (Choose two.)
- OTA updates
- Remote wiping
- Side loading
- Sandboxing
- Containerization
- Signed applications
- Containerization
- Signed applications
A security incident responder discovers an attacker has gained access to a network and has overwritten key system files with backdoor software. The server was reimaged and patched offline. Which of the following tools should be implemented to detect similar attacks?
- Vulnerability scanner
- TPM
- Host-based firewall
- File integrity monitor
- NIPS
- File integrity monitor
An organization is in the process of integrating its operational technology and information technology areas. As part of the integration, some of the cultural aspects it would like to see include more efficient use of resources during change windows, better protection of critical infrastructure, and the ability to respond to incidents. The following observations have been identified:
- The ICS supplier has specified that any software installed will result in lack of support.
- There is no documented trust boundary defined between the SCADA and corporate networks.
- Operational technology staff have to manage the SCADA equipment via the engineering workstation.
- There is a lack of understanding of what is within the SCADA network.
Which of the following capabilities would BEST improve the security position?
- VNC, router, and HIPS
- SIEM, VPN, and firewall
- Proxy, VPN, and WAF
- IDS, NAC, and log monitoring
- VNC, router, and HIPS
After embracing a BYOD policy, a company is faced with new security challenges from unmanaged mobile devices and laptops. The company’s IT department has seen a large number of the following incidents:
- Duplicate IP addresses
- Rogue network devices
- Infected systems probing the company’s network
Which of the following should be implemented to remediate the above issues? (Choose two.)
- Port security
- Route protection
- NAC
- HIPS
- NIDS
- NAC
- HIPS
Following a security assessment, the Chief Information Security Officer (CISO) is reviewing the results of the assessment and evaluating potential risk treatment strategies. As part of the CISO’s evaluation, a judgment of potential impact based on the identified risk is performed. To prioritize response actions, the CISO uses past experience to take into account the exposure factor as well as the external accessibility of the weakness identified. Which of the following is the CISO performing?
- Documentation of lessons learned
- Quantitative risk assessment
- Qualitative assessment of risk
- Business impact scoring
- Threat modeling
- Qualitative assessment of risk
A Chief Information Officer (CIO) publicly announces the implementation of a new financial system. As part of a security assessment that includes a social engineering task, which of the following tasks should be conducted to demonstrate the BEST means to gain information to use for a report on social vulnerability details about the financial system?
- Call the CIO and ask for an interview, posing as a job seeker interested in an open position
- Compromise the email server to obtain a list of attendees who responded to the invitation who is on the IT staff
- Notify the CIO that, through observation at events, malicious actors can identify individuals to befriend
- Understand the CIO is a social drinker, and find the means to befriend the CIO at establishments the CIO frequents
- Understand the CIO is a social drinker, and find the means to befriend the CIO at establishments the CIO frequents
A recent assessment identified that several users’ mobile devices are running outdated versions of endpoint security software that do not meet the company’s security policy. Which of the following should be performed to ensure the users can access the network and meet the company’s security requirements?
- Vulnerability assessment
- Risk assessment
- Patch management
- Device quarantine
- Incident management
- Patch management
The Chief Information Security Officer (CISO) has asked the security team to determine whether the organization is susceptible to a zero-day exploit utilized in the banking industry and whether attribution is possible. The CISO has asked what process would be utilized to gather the information, and then wants to apply signatureless controls to stop these kinds of attacks in the future. Which of the following are the MOST appropriate ordered steps to take to meet the CISO’s request?
A. 1. Perform the ongoing research of the best practices
- Determine current vulnerabilities and threats
- Apply Big Data techniques
- Use antivirus control
B. 1. Apply artificial intelligence algorithms for detection
- Inform the CERT team
- Research threat intelligence and potential adversaries
- Utilize threat intelligence to apply Big Data techniques
C. 1. Obtain the latest IOCs from the open source repositories
- Perform a sweep across the network to identify positive matches
- Sandbox any suspicious files
- Notify the CERT team to apply a future proof threat model
D. 1. Analyze the current threat intelligence
- Utilize information sharing to obtain the latest industry IOCs
- Perform a sweep across the network to identify positive matches
- Apply machine learning algorithms
D. 1. Analyze the current threat intelligence
- Utilize information sharing to obtain the latest industry IOCs
- Perform a sweep across the network to identify positive matches
- Apply machine learning algorithms
A software development team is conducting functional and user acceptance testing of internally developed web applications using a COTS solution. For automated testing, the solution uses valid user credentials from the enterprise directory to authenticate to each application. The solution stores the username in plain text and the corresponding password as an encoded string in a script within a file, located on a globally accessible network share. The account credentials used belong to the development team lead. To reduce the risks associated with this scenario while minimizing disruption to ongoing testing, which of the following are the BEST actions to take? (Choose two.)
- Restrict access to the network share by adding a group only for developers to the share’s ACL
- Implement a new COTS solution that does not use hard-coded credentials and integrates with directory services
- Obfuscate the username within the script file with encoding to prevent easy identification and the account used
- Provision a new user account within the enterprise directory and enable its use for authentication to the target applications. Share the username and password with all developers for use in their individual scripts
- Redesign the web applications to accept single-use, local account credentials for authentication
- Restrict access to the network share by adding a group only for developers to the share’s ACL
- Implement a new COTS solution that does not use hard-coded credentials and integrates with directory services
A security consultant is attempting to discover if the company is utilizing databases on client machines to store the customer data. The consultant reviews the following information:
— image of protocol, local/foreign IP address, and connection status —
Which of the following commands would have provided this output?
- arp -s
- netstat -a
- ifconfig -arp
- sqlmap -w
- netstat -a
Management is reviewing the results of a recent risk assessment of the organization’s policies and procedures. During the risk assessment it is determined that procedures associated with background checks have not been effectively implemented. In response to this risk, the organization elects to revise policies and procedures related to background checks and use a third-party to perform background checks on all new employees.
Which of the following risk management strategies has the organization employed?
- Transfer
- Mitigate
- Accept
- Avoid
- Reject
- Mitigate
An advanced threat emulation engineer is conducting testing against a client’s network. The engineer conducts the testing in as realistic a manner as possible. Consequently, the engineer has been gradually ramping up the volume of attacks over a long period of time. Which of the following combinations of techniques would the engineer MOST likely use in this testing? (Choose three.)
- Black box testing
- Gray box testing
- Code review
- Social engineering
- Vulnerability assessment
- Pivoting
- Self-assessment
- White teaming
- External auditing
- Black box testing
- Vulnerability assessment
- Pivoting
A newly hired systems administrator is trying to connect a new and fully updated, but very customized, Android device to access corporate resources. However, the MDM enrollment process continually fails. The administrator asks a security team member to look into the issue. Which of the following is the MOST likely reason the MDM is not allowing enrollment?
- The OS version is not compatible
- The OEM is prohibited
- The device does not support FDE
- The device is rooted
- The device is rooted
A security administrator wants to allow external organizations to cryptographically validate the company’s domain name in email messages sent by employees. Which of the following should the security administrator implement?
- SPF
- S/MIME
- TLS
- DKIM
- SPF
https: //en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DMARC