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Studying for the PMP Exam > Self Study Cards > Flashcards

Self Study Cards Flashcards

Cards created by reading the Rita Mulcahy 9th Edition PMP Exam Prep book.

1
Q

When are contingency reserves for schedule allocated?

A

For remaining identified risks after the plan risk responses process.

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2
Q

When should team building begin in the life of the project?

A

It should begin early on.

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3
Q

Forward pass path convergence must use which early finish value to calculate the float?

A

The later of them

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4
Q

I just completed a JAD Session, where am I?

A

Collect Requirements

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5
Q

What is 2 Sigma?

A

95.46%

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6
Q

What is the Triangular Distribution formula?

A

(P + M + O)/3

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7
Q

A PMO that provides policies, methodologies, templates, best practice training, and lessons learned from other projects is what type of PMO?

A

Supportive

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8
Q

What type of breakdown structure can be used to assign work packages to divisions or departments in the organization?

A

An Organizational Breakdown Structure

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9
Q

When is risk data quality assessment done?

A

During perform qualitative risk analysis.

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10
Q

Ambiuity (lack of understanding) and Variability (inability to predict changes) are categories of, what?

A

Non-event risks

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11
Q

Define the schedule compression technique fast tracking.

A

A technique used to compress a schedule where activities done in sequence are done in parallel.

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12
Q

The backward pass uses what duation value as the late finish of the last activity in the network?

A

Critical Path Duration

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13
Q

When, in quality, is root cause analysis used?

A

During the Manage Quality and Control Quality processes.

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14
Q

What creates a formal record of a project?

A

The Project Charger

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15
Q

What is the conflict resolution technique does not result in a permanent or complete resolution of a conflict?

A

Smoothing or accomodating.

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16
Q

Which type of organization is best for managing complex projects?

A

Matrix (Cross-disciplinary means the project covers more than one department or technical area of expertise. In such a case, a matrix organization is needed, with representatives from each department or discipline)

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17
Q

(Exam remembering) What is manage quality?

A

Are we following the policies as planned?

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18
Q

Name the categories of non-event risks.

A

Ambiuity (lack of understanding); and

Variability (inability to predict changes)

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19
Q

In terms of manage communications, what is an Earned Value Report?

A

A report that integrates scope, cost, and schedule measurements to assess project performance.

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20
Q

Legal restrictions is what kind of Enterprise Environmental Factor?

A

External

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21
Q

In a RACI, how many people or resources can be marked “A” (accountable)?

A

Only one; this helps avoid confusion about who is ultimately in charge or has authority for the work.

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22
Q

When does a Project Manager use/look at a work performance report?

A

The work performance report should be used when information is needed to make decisions, raise issues, initiate actions or gain awareness of the project status.

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23
Q

What are risk audits?

A

Assessments of the overall process of risk management on the project.

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24
Q

What are risk triggers?

A

Early warning signs that a risk event has occurred, or is about to occur. They letrisk owners know when to take action.

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25
Q

A lead is shown as what type of relationship?

A

Finish-to-start

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26
Q

What is defined as a framework that guides portfolio, program, and project management to achieve the organization’s strategic goals.

A

Organizational project management (OPM)

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27
Q

This reserve type is not included in the schedule baseline.

A

Management Reserves.

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28
Q

Employee capability is what kind of Enterprise Environmental Factor?

A

Internal

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29
Q

A RACI is a type of what matrix?

A

A Responsibility Assignment Matrix (RAM).

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30
Q

A predictive development lifecycle is what kind of life cycle?

A

Plan-driven.

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31
Q

You don’t have a lot of experience or historical info, what kind of estimating do you use?

A

Triangular

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32
Q

What is the definition of a project?

A

A temporary endeavor undertaken to create a unique product, service, or result - with a beginning and an end.

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33
Q

Before being baselined, requirements need to be, what?

A

Unambiguous (measurable and testable)

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34
Q

Infrastructure is what kind of Enterprise Environmental Factor?

A

Internal

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35
Q

The work performed to deliver a product, service, or result is called, what?

A

The Project Scope

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36
Q

In terms of quality, where should design and technical specifications come from?

A

From a technical expert, such as an engineer.

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37
Q

Define the analogous estimating technique.

A

It is an estimating technique in that uses expert judgement and historical information to predict the future.

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38
Q

What is a Control Account?

A

A management control point where scope, budget, actual cost, and schedule are integrated and compared to earned value for performance measurement.

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39
Q

Able to inspire, high-energy, enthusiastic, self-confident is what type of leadership style.

A

Charasmatic

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40
Q

A PMO with a high level of control is what type of PMO?

A

Directive

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41
Q

When, in quality, are control charts used?

A

Control Quality

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42
Q

In terms of manage communications, what is a Trend Report?

A

A report that examines project results over time to see if performance is improving or deteriorating.

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43
Q

What is the definition of a portfolio?

A

A group of programs, individual projects, and related operational work to achieve a specific strategic business goal

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44
Q

Someone who will be impacted by or can influence the project is called, what?

A

Stakeholder

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45
Q

Someone wants to make a change to the project, whats the first thing a project manager should do?

A

Evaluate the impact.

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46
Q

What is the range of Budget Estimate?

A

-10% to 25%

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47
Q

What are the type of reserves?

A

Management and contingency.

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48
Q

Organizational project management (OPM) is, what?

A

A framework that guides portfolio, program, and project management to achieve the organization’s strategic goals.

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49
Q

When, in quality, is Mind Mapping used?

A

Plan Quality

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50
Q

Plans, processes, policies, and procedures, and knowledge base repositories are two categories of what?

A

Organizational Process Asset

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51
Q

What are the three types of PMOs?

A

[From least to greatest influence] they are supportive, controlling, and directive.

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52
Q

What project documents can be inputs to the collect requirements process?

A

Assumptions Log, Lessons Learned Register, and Stakeholder Register

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53
Q

What is an affinity diagram?

A

An affinity diagram organizes potential causes of defects into groups showing areas that should be focused on the most.

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54
Q

What is the difference between a checklist and a check sheet?

A

A checklist helps manage control quality activities in a structured manner whereas a check sheet is used to organize facts in a manner that will facilitate the collection of useful data. They are also known as tally sheets.

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55
Q

When, in quality, is Histograms used?

A

During the Manage Quality and Control Quality processes.

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56
Q

What is a decision tree?

A

A model of real situation used to make informed decisions by taking into account the associated risks, probabilities, and impacts.

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57
Q

What is 3 Sigma?

A

99.73%

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58
Q

What is a risk review?

A

A discussion of the effectiveness of planned risk responses that have been implemented on the project.

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59
Q

Aside from Project Document Updates, what is is output from the Plan Resource Management process?

A

Resource Management Plan and Team Charter.

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60
Q

What is the conflict resolution technique where parties openly discuss differences and try to incorporate multiple viewpoints to arrive at a concensus?

A

Collaborating or problem-solving.

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61
Q

What are Tuckman’s ladder model stems of team formation and development?

A

Forming, Storming, Norming, Performing, and Adjourning.

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62
Q

What document shows the organizational commitment to a project?

A

The Project Charter

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63
Q

When, in quality, is questionnaires and surveys used?

A

Control Quality

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64
Q

In a predictive project, validate scope occurs when?

A

With each deliverable or phase review

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65
Q

The role of each stakeholder is determined by, whom?

A

The project manager and the stakeholder

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66
Q

(Exam remembering) What is control quality?

A

Are the results of our work meeting the standard?

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67
Q

When, in quality, is document analysis used?

A

It is used in Manage Quality. Included in the “Data Analysis” tool and technique.

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68
Q

What is the formula for EAC if the CPI or SPI influence the work?

A

AC + [BAC-EV)/(CPI x SPI)]

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69
Q

Work package costs are made up of, what?

A

Activity Contingency Reserves and Activity Cost Estimates

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70
Q

Which resource optimization technique does not change the critical path?

A

Resource smoothing.

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71
Q

A tight matrix org structure is, what?

A

Is nothing; this is a distractor

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72
Q

A lag would be shown as what type of relationship?

A

Start-to-Start

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73
Q

What is a data representation technique that can be used during the Perform Qualitative Analysis process?

A

A probability and impact matrix.

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74
Q

Social and cultural influences and issues is what kind of Enterprise Environmental Factor?

A

External

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75
Q

Information technology software is what kind of Enterprise Environmental Factor?

A

Internal

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76
Q

What is the work performance order?

A

Data > Information > Reports

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77
Q

Marketplace conditions are what kind of Enterprise Environmental Factor?

A

External

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78
Q

We are reviewing a mock-up, simulation, or computer generated models, what tool and technique is this within what process?

A

This is the prototypes tool and technique within the Collect Requirements process.

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79
Q

When does a Project Manager use/look at a forecasting report?

A

The forecasting report should be used when needing to review the project’s future status and performance.

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80
Q

What is the outcome if a cost-benefit ratio is less than 1?

A

The benefit is less than the cost.

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81
Q

Backward pass path convergence must use this late start value of the activities?

A

The earlier of them

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82
Q

Verified deliverables are an output of what?

A

Control Quality

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83
Q

The closer in length that the critical path and near-critical paths are to one another, the smaller or greater the overall risk?

A

Greater

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84
Q

The approved version of the time-phased project budget, excluding management reserves is called what?

A

The Cost Baseline.

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85
Q

A silo org structure

A

A functional structure where projects occur within a single department.

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86
Q

What is assumption analysis?

A

Assessing the assumptions made on the project and determining whether they are valid.

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87
Q

When is reserve analysis done?

A

During the monitor risks process.

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88
Q

What is the the formula for EAC if accepting performance to date?

A

AC + (BAC - EV)

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89
Q

What is the key benefit to the Sequence Activities process?

A

It defines the logical sequence of work to obtain the greatest efficiency given all project constraints?

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90
Q

What are the possible risk response strategies for threats?

A

Avoid

Mitigate

Transfer

Escalate

Accept

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91
Q

What do “Theory X” managers believe?

A

People need to be watched every minute; employees are incapable, avoid responsibility, and avoid work whenever possible

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92
Q

What is the conflict resolution technique that involves finding solutions that bring some degree of satisfaction to both parties?

A

Compromising or reconciling.

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93
Q

A key benefit of the plan schedule management process is, what?

A

It provides guidance and direction on how the project schedule will be managed throughout the project.

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94
Q

What can a project manager use in order to determine quantitative probability and impact?

A

Expert judgement

Data gathering

Data analysis

Interpersonal and team skills

Representations of uncertainty

Cost and schedule estimating

Use of historical records

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95
Q

What is operational work?

A

Ongoing work to support the business and systems of the organization

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96
Q

When, in quality, is logical data model used?

A

Plan Quality

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97
Q

What is the purpose of a risk report?

A

The purpose of a risk report is to keep stakeholders apprised of risk management efforts and outcomes.

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98
Q

What is 1 Sigma?

A

68.27%

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99
Q

How are assumptions managed?

A

They are analyzed in project planning, and they are reviewed for validity and managed throughout the project.

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100
Q

What is the outcome if a cost-benefit ratio is over 1?

A

The benefit is greater than cost.

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101
Q

Define Net Present Value

A

It is present value of total benefits minus the costs over many time periods.

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102
Q

That do “Theory Y” managers believe?

A

People are willing to work without supervision, and want to achieve.

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103
Q

The Project Charter authorizes a project manager to do what?

A

Plan, execute, and control the project.

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104
Q

A person who is risk advrse is, what?

A

Someone who does not want to be negatively impacted by threats.

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105
Q

When, in quality, is cost of quality used?

A

Plan Quality Management

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106
Q

What is a critical path?

A

The critical path is the sequence of activities with the longest path through a project, which determines the shortest possible project duration.

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107
Q

Who is a risk owner?

A

Each risk must be assigned to someone who will help lead the development of the risk response and who will be assigned to carry out the risk response or “own” the risk.

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108
Q

Determining corrective or preventative actions or re-planning and following up on action plans to determine whether the actions taken resolved the performance issue is included in what process?

A

Controlling (of monitor and control)

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109
Q

When might work performance [things] be a tool or technique?

A

It isn’t, they’re only inputs or outputs

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110
Q

For the exam, the greater the standard deviation, the smaller or greater the risk?

A

Greater standard deviation represents greater risk.

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111
Q

What is the standard deviation formula?

A

(P-O)/6

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112
Q

Updates to this document is often an update in many planning processes.

A

Assumptions log

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113
Q

Concentrating on relationships, community and collaboration is in what type of leadership style?

A

Servant Leader

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114
Q

When, in quality, is checklist used?

A

Manage Quality and Control Quality

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115
Q

What is the TCPI to complete as planned?

A

(BAC-EV)/(BAC-AC)

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116
Q

Which estimating technique uses expert judgement and historical information to predict the future?

A

Analogous

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117
Q

When is assumptions analysis conducted?

A

During the risk management process

118
Q

Who determines the project scope requirements of a new project?

A

The Stakeholders

119
Q

The cost baseline includes or excludes management reserves?

A

Excludes

120
Q

What are the three baselines?

A

Scope, Schedule, and Cost

121
Q

What are residual risks?

A

Risks that remain after risk response planning.

122
Q

Process analysis focuses on, what?

A

It focuses on identifying improvements that may be needed in processes.

123
Q

Resource Availability is what kind of Enterprise Environmental Factor?

A

Internal

124
Q

What are reserves?

A

Time or cost added to the project to account for risk.

125
Q

What is risk data quality assessment?

A

Determining how accurate, reliable, and weel understood the risk information is.

126
Q

A no home org structure is what kind of org structure?

A

A project-oriented org structure is where team members have no department to return to after a project is complete.

127
Q

A functional manager meets with the project manager’s sponsor to discuss a change to the acceptance criteria for a major deliverable. After the meeting, the sponsor calls the project manager into his office and tells him to make the change. What is the best thing to do?

A

Understand the change.

128
Q

When, in quality, are meetings used as a tool and technique?

A

During the Plan Quality Management and Control Quality processes.

129
Q

This technique is used for constructing a schedule model in which activities are represented by nodes and are graphically linked by one or more logical relationships to show the sequence in which the activities are to be performed is called, what?

A

Precedence diagramming model

130
Q

This type of PMO provides project managers for different projects is what type of PMO?

A

Directive

131
Q

Which resource optimization technique might change the critical path?

A

Resource leveling.

132
Q

Whar is the formula for forward pass float?

A

LS-ES

133
Q

High-level constraints are identified where and when?

A

In the project charter during initiating.

134
Q

Define, in terms of quality, what Process Analysis is.

A

Process Analysis is part of the continuous improcement effort on a project and focuses on identifying improvements that might be needed in project processes.

135
Q

When, in quality, is cost-benefit analysis used?

A

Plan Quality Management

136
Q

A PMO that provides support and guidance on how to manage projects and requires compliance through various means is what type of PMO?

A

Controlling

137
Q

What is the formula for EAC assuming the current rate to be the same?

A

BAC/CPI

138
Q

When, in quality, are Matrix Diagrams used?”

A

During the Plan Quality Management and Manage Quality processes.

139
Q

What is the purpose of a prompt list?

A

A prompt list can help a project team ientify risks to individual elements of the project as well as risks to the overall project.

140
Q

When, in quality, is multicriteria decision analysis used?

A

During the Plan Quality Management and Manage Quality processes.

141
Q

When, in quality, are flowcharts used?

A

During the Plan Quality Management and Manage Quality processes.

142
Q

Focusing on goals, feedback, and accomplishment to determine rewards is what type of leadership style?

A

Transactional

143
Q

Name the risk categories

A

External

Internal

Technical

Commercial

Unforseeable

Mnemonic - Education In Technology, Communicates Unknowns

144
Q

What is the accuracy level of the Rough Order of Magnitude?

A

Low/not very accurate

145
Q

Existing facilities, equipment, organizational telecommunications channels, information technology hardware, availability, and capacity is what kind of Enterprise Environmental Factor?

A

Internal

146
Q

Whar is the formula for backward pass float?

A

LF - EF

147
Q

What is the accuracy level of Definitive Estimate?

A

Very refined and accurate

148
Q

Existing human resources expertise, skills, competencies, and specialized knowledge is what kind of Enterprise Environmental Factor?

A

Internal

149
Q

Work Performance Information is an output of what processes?

A

All monitor and control processes except those in the integration knowledge area.

150
Q

When, in quality, are scatter diagrams used?

A

During the Manage Quality and Control Quality processes.

151
Q

What are the methodical steps to deal with problem solving?

A

Identify the real or problem.

Define the problem and break it into manageable pieces.

Investigate and collect data.

Analyze or find the root cause of the problem.

Solve the issue by choosing the suitable solution.

Check the solution and determine if the problem has been fixed.

152
Q

When are most risks identified?

When are new ones added?

A

During Identify Risks

During Monitor Risks

153
Q

A PMO with a low level of control is what type of PMO?

A

Supportive

154
Q

When, in quality, are cause-and-effect diagrams used?

A

Manage Quality and Control Quality

155
Q

What else is generated or outputed with the Project Charter?

A

The Assumptions Log

156
Q

The project team determines which dependencies are, what?

A

Mandatory or discretionary

157
Q

What are the key outpuTs to the Plan Procurement Management process?

A

Bid documents
Change requests
Independent cost estimates
Make-or-buy decisions
OPA updates
Procurement management plan
Procurement statement of work
Procurement strategy
Project document updates
Source selection criteria

158
Q

A leader who demonstrates commitment to serve and put other other people first is what type of leadership style?

A

Servant Leader

159
Q

What is the difference of Plan, Manage, and Control Quality?

A
  • Plan Quality defines how we will ensure quality
  • Manage Quality asks “are we following the policies as planned?”
  • Control Quality asks “are the results of our work meeting the standard?”
160
Q

What are the dependency types?

A

There are four types: Mandatory, Discretionary, External, and Internal.

161
Q

Which IRR is better?

A

The higher the better

162
Q

The sponsor’s role on a project is best described as, what?

A

Helping to prevent unnecessary changes to project objectives.

163
Q

Which Organizational Process Asset (OPA) type can be updated throughout the project with project information?

A

Organizational Knowledge Repositories (PMBOK 2.3)

164
Q

When, in quality, is Design for X used?

A

During Manage Quality. Using the DfX may result in cost reduction, quality improvement, better performance, and customer satisfaction.

Additionally, a set of technical guidelines that may be applied during the design phase of a product to optimize specific aspects of the design

165
Q

What are contingency plans?

A

Plans describing the specific actions that will be taken if the opportunity or threat occurs.

166
Q

What is the range of Definitive Estimate?

A

+/- 10%

167
Q

This is a frequent input to planning processes.

A

The Assumptions Log

168
Q

Define Resource Smoothing.

A

A technique that adjusts the timing of activities so that the requirements for resources on the project do not exceed predefined limits.

169
Q

What are the possible risk response strategies for opportunities?

A

Exploit

Enhance

Share

Escalate

Accept

170
Q

What is the outcome if a cost-benefit ratio is 1?

A

The benefit is as much as the cost.

171
Q

(Exam remembering) What is plan quality?

A

How will we ensure quality?

172
Q

What is the conflict resolution technique involves making some concessions and emphasizes agreement rather than differences of opinions?

A

Smoothing or accomodating.

173
Q

When, in quality, is inspection used?

A

Control Quality

174
Q

An estimating technique that is a generally accepted rule or best practice is called what?

A

Heuristics

175
Q

What risk management activities are done during the execution of the project?

A

Watching out for watch-listed (noncritical) risks that increase in importance, and looking for new risks; implement contingency plans if triggers are about to/are occurring.

176
Q

Approved change requests are outputs to what processes?

A

Direct and manage project work, control quality, and control procurements.

177
Q

Geographic distribution of facilities and resources is what kind of Enterprise Environmental Factor?

A

Internal

178
Q

Empowering followers through idealized attributes and behaviors is what kind of leadership style?

A

Transformational

179
Q

Define overall project risk.

A

The effect of uncertainty on the project as a whole, arising from all sources of uncertainty including individual risks.

180
Q

(This) type of reserve is included in the schedule baseline.

A

Contingency

181
Q

The accountability of project integration management may be delegated to whom?

A

No one, it cannot be delegated or transferred from a Project Manager.

182
Q

What is sensitivity analysis?

A

A technique to analyze and compare the potential impacts of identified risks.

183
Q

The amount of funds available for a company to invest in projects is called, what?

A

Working capital.

184
Q

Government or industry standards is what kind of Enterprise Environmental Factor?

A

External

185
Q

Define resource histogram.

A

A bar chart showing the amount of time that a resource is scheduled to work over a series of time periods.

186
Q

What is the purpose of Monte Carlo analysis?

A

It is used to simulate the cost or schedule results of the project.

187
Q

When, in quality, are performance reviews used?

A

Control Quality

188
Q

In terms of manage communications, what is a variance report?

A

A variance report compares actual results to baselines.

189
Q

Leadership is secondary and emerges after service is what kind of leadership style?

A

Servant Leader

190
Q

If a project manager focuses on ensuring that the project satisfies the needs for which it was undertaken, the project manager is involved in, what?

A

Quality Management

191
Q

What is the heuristic rule for WBS work packages in large projects?

A

300 hours.

192
Q

What are some examples of risk identification techniques?

A

Brainstorming

Checklist analysis

Interviewing

Root Cause Analysis

Assumption analysis

Constraint analysis

SWOT analysis

Deocumentation reviews

Prompt lists

Facilitation

193
Q

A PMO with a moderate level of control is what kind of PMO?

A

Controlling

194
Q

Defined Resource Leveling.

A

Resource Leveling is a technique where start and finish dates are adjusted based on resource constraints to balance the demand of resources with available supply. It simply answers the question ‘With the resources available, when will the work be finished?’

195
Q

In a predictive project, control scope occurs when?

A

It is ongoing.

196
Q

What are fallback plans?

A

Actions that will be taken if the continency plan is not effective.

197
Q

When does a Project Manager use/look at a variance report?

A

The variance report should be used when needing to compare the project’s actual results to its baselines.

198
Q

Name the three (tested) org structure types

A

Functional, Matrix, and Project Oriented

199
Q

What is the team of people that help the PM perform project management functions?

A

Project Management Team

200
Q

What is the accuracy level of Budget Estimate?

A

Medium accuracy

201
Q

When, in quality, is test and inspection planning used?

A

Plan Quality Management

202
Q

Collecting, measuring, and assessing measurements and trends to effect process improvement is included in what process?

A

Monitoring (of monitoring and controlling)

203
Q

What type of breakdown structure can be used to assign work packages by type of resource?

A

Resource Breakdown Structure

204
Q

What is the definition of a program?

A

A group of interrelated projects, managed in a coordinated way

205
Q

The key benefit of this process is that it provides guidance and direction on how the project schedule will be managed throughout the project.

A

Plan Schedule Management

206
Q

When archives are completed, a project may, what?

A

Be considered closed.

207
Q

What is the PERT formula?

A

(P+4M+O)/6

208
Q

Someone who focused on other peoples growth, learning, development, autonomy, and well-being is what type of leadership style?

A

Servant Leader

209
Q

What is the formula for expected monetary value (EMV)?

A

Probability X Impact

210
Q

What makes up control account budgets?

A

Work Package Costs and Contingency reserves

211
Q

What document defines how the project is executed, monitored, and controlled?

A

The Project Management Plan.

212
Q

Financial considerations are what kind of Enterprise Environmental Factor?

A

External

213
Q

Your project has increased cost and low morale, what might be a factor?

A

Poor quality

214
Q

The two manager org structure is what kind of org structure?

A

A matrix org structure is where team members report to the project manager and functional manager.

215
Q

When does a Project Manager use/look at an earned value report?

A

The earned value report should be used when needing to assess the project’s performance based on its scope, cost, and schedule measures.

216
Q

This estimating technique uses expert judgement and historic information is what kind of estimating?

A

Analogous (top down) estimating

217
Q

When are affinity diagrams used?

A

During the Manage Quality process.

218
Q

The project management team determines which dependents are, what?

A

External or internal

219
Q

In terms of manage communications, what is a Status Report?

A

This report describes where the project currently stands in relation to the performance measurment baseline.

220
Q

The longest duration path through a network diagram is, what?

A

Critical Path

221
Q

Work Performance Information is an Input, when?

A

During the Monitor and Control Project Work process.

222
Q

Academic research is what kind of Enterprise Environmental Factor?

A

External

223
Q

A combination of transactional, transformational, and charismatic leadership styles is what type of style?

A

Interactional

224
Q

When, in quality, is testing and product evaluations used?

A

Control Quality

225
Q

When, in quality, are interviews used?

A

Plan Quality

226
Q

What is the conflict resolution technique where parties retreat or postpone on a problem?

A

Withdrawal or avoidance.

227
Q

What’s the principle reason for a Pareto Chart?

A

Focus attention on the most critical issues.

228
Q

What is a Risk Breakdown Structure

A

An organizational of hierarchial chart that can help identify and document risk categories.

229
Q

What are three ways a project, in terms of quality, may be out of control?

A
  1. Several data points fall on the same side of the mean within the control limit, or
  2. a data point falls outside of the upper or lower control limit, or
  3. there are nonrandom datapoints on one side of the mean (Rule of Seven)
230
Q

When, in quality, is statistical sampling used?

A

Control Quality

231
Q

When, in quality, are check sheets used?

A

Control Quality

232
Q

Currency exchange rates, interest rates, inflation rates, tariffs, and geographic location is what kind of Enterprise Environmental Factor?

A

External

233
Q

This project person cannot make or enforce decisions.

A

Project Expediter

234
Q

What data analysis technique determines which risks have the most impact on projects?

A

Sensitivity analysis

235
Q

Name the development life cycles?

A

Adaptive, Hybrid, Predictive, Iterative, and Incremental. Androids hate pretty interesting insects.

236
Q

Codes of conduct, ethics, and perceptions is what kind of Enterprise Environmental Factor?

A

External

237
Q

What is the conflict resolution technique involves pushing one viewpoint at the expense of another?

A

Forcing or directing.

238
Q

Commercial databases are what kind of Enterprise Environmental Factor?

A

External

239
Q

Work Performance Data is an input to what processes and what process group?

A

All processes in Monitoring and Controlling except perform integrated change control.

240
Q

What is the heuristic rule for WBS work packages in small projects?

A

4-40 hours.

241
Q

When is assumption analysis done?

A

During identify risks.

242
Q

What are secondary risks?

A

New risks created by the implementation of risk response strategies.

243
Q

In terms of manage communications, what is the difference between a Status Report and a Progress Report?

A

The status report describes where the project currently stands in relation to the performance measurement baseline whereas a progress report describes what has been accomplished.

244
Q

When, in quality, is alternatives analysis used?

A

Manage quality

245
Q

What are the two levels of risk?

A

Individual and overall project risk.

246
Q

Which Organizational Process Asset (OPA) type is typically not updated throughout a project.

A

Processes, Policies, and Procedures (PMBOK 2.3)

247
Q

In terms of manage communications, what is a progress report?

A

A progress report describes what has been accomplished.

248
Q

When is trend analysis a tool and technique?

A

Trend analysis is a tool and technique in closing and all “controlling” processes except quality.

249
Q

What is the Rule of Seven?

A

It is when there are seven consecutive data points on one side of the mean.

250
Q

Cost, schedule, and quality planning are based on, what?

A

Requirements

251
Q

Name the project selection categories.

A

Benefit Measurement and Constrained Optimization.

252
Q

What is the most common source of conflict in projects?

A

Schedules

253
Q

When an organization is in the process of procurement, it can either prepare its own cost estimates or have an outside professional estimator prepare a cost estimate. This estimate is known as what kind of estimate?

A

Benchmark extimate (PMBOK 12.1.3.7)

254
Q

Define the schedule compression technique crashing.

A

A technique used to shorten the schedule by adding resources.

255
Q

What is the purpose of the Resource Management Plan?

A

It provides guidance on how project resources should be categorized, allocated, managed, and released.

256
Q

When, in quality, is bench-marking used?

A

Plan Quality Management

257
Q

What is the difference between a project team and a project management team?

A

A project team is a group of people, including the project manager, who will complete the work of the project. A project management team is a group of project team members selected by the project manager to help perform some project management activities.

258
Q

What are the inputs to the risk management process?

A

Project Charter

Project Management Plan

Project Documents

EEFs

OPAs

Agreements

Procurement documentation

work performance data and reports

259
Q

In terms of the Project Quality Management Knowledge Area, why is cost-benefit analysis used in plan quality management?

A

To estimate the strengths and weaknesses of alternatives in order to determine the best alternative in terms of benefits provided.

260
Q

Smaller ranges usually mean greater/least risk?

A

Least

261
Q

What is opportunity cost?

A

The opportunity cost is simply the value of the project(s) the organization did not select.

262
Q

These activities have zero float

A

Critical path activities

263
Q

Organizational culture, structure, and governance is what kind of Enterprise Environmental Factor?

A

Internal

264
Q

Working conditions, weather, and constraints is what kind of Enterprise Environmental Factor?

A

External

265
Q

Work Performance Data is an output of what processes from what process groups?

A

Direct and Manage Project Work of the Executing process group.

266
Q

What kind of float must be addressed before a project begins?

A

Negative float on the critical path

267
Q

An unplanned response to an event that is occuring is called a, what?

A

Workaround

268
Q

What is the TCPI formula to complete at the current rate?

A

(BAC-EV)/(BAC-AC)

269
Q

What is the range of the Rough Order of Magnitude?

A

-25% to 75%

270
Q

Management by exception is what type of leadership style?

A

Transactional

271
Q

What is the heuristic rule for WBS work packages in medium projects?

A

8-80 hours.

272
Q

When, in quality, is process analysis used?

A

Manage Quality

273
Q

The difference between the cost baseline and the cost budget can be best described as, what?

A

Management reserves.

274
Q

Which motivational theory uses the concept of Theory X and Theory Y?

A

MgGregor

275
Q

If you have poor quality, what might you also have?

A
  1. Increased cost,
  2. decreased profits,
  3. low morale,
  4. low stakeholder satisfaction,
  5. rework, and
  6. increased risk
276
Q

What is the beta distribution formula?

A

(P + 4M + O)/6

277
Q

The key benefit of this process provides the amount of time that each activity will take to complete.

A

Estimate Activity Duration

278
Q

The longest path (or critical path) usually has the least or greatest amount of float?

A

Least amount, usually zero.

279
Q

This project person can make some decisions.

A

Project coordinator

280
Q

When, in quality, is problem solving used as a tool and technique?

A

During the Manage Quality process.

281
Q

Role, Authority, Responsibility, and Competence are found in what section of what project document?

A

These are found in the roles and responsibilities section of the Resource Management Plan.

282
Q

In terms of manage communications, what is a forecasting report?

A

A report that predicts future project status and performance.

283
Q

Physical environmental elements is what kind of Enterprise Environmental Factor?

A

External

284
Q

Which conflict resolution technique is usually the best answer choice? What is the second?

A

Collaborating or problem-solving and compromising or reconciling.

285
Q

What is the Present Value formula?

A

PV = FV/(1-Rate)^Interval

286
Q

The issue log is first output during which process and process group?

A

Direct and Manage Project Work of the Executing process group.

287
Q

After being baselined, how can a project management plan be changed or revised?

A

Only through the perform integrated change control process can a baseline or project management plan be revised.

288
Q

What is reserve analysis?

A

Checking to see how much reserve remains and how much might be needed.

289
Q

True or False. Activities on the critical path have float?

A

FALSE

290
Q

The degree to which the project fulfills the requirements is defined as, what?

A

Quality

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