Self Report

Question 1

What are all the self report methods?

Answer 1

Questionnaires - open and closed questions
Interviews - structured and unstructured

Question 2

What is involved in Self Report?

Answer 2

• ppts give info to researcher providing details
  on thoughts/feelings/behaviour
• involves the ppts responding to questions in a
  questionnaire or interview
• questions in the questionnaire can be open or closed questions
• questions in the interview can be structured or unstructured

Question 3

What is a quesionnaire?

Answer 3

• questionnaire involve asking a large sample of ppl for info on a specific topic
• involves a pre written list of questions that ppt responds to
• purpose of questionnaires is to get a good representation of target population using a large sample
• so results can be gen rest of the population

Question 4

What are the strengths of a questionnaire?

Answer 4

• reduction of investigator effects
• as researcher doesnt have to be present whilst the ppts completes questionnaire
• researcher’s response to the ppts answer is not visible + their characteristics will not influence the participant’s answers
• UNLIKE an interview, where the researcher has
  to be present
• inc int val of questionnaire
• can be given to large quantity of ppl
• as researcher doesnt have to be present when the ppts complete the questionnaire
  -inc the generalisability of the findings
• UNLIKE an interview, where researcher has to be present for each interview, limiting amount of ppl research can be conducted on
• inc ext val of questionnaire

Question 5

What are the weaknesses of a questionnaire?

Answer 5

• social desirability bias
• ppl may lie to present themselves in the best possible light (context)
• lowering int val
• WHEREAS in an interview the researcher
  is present + face to face, reduces socially desirable responses as this may be more difficult for them
• (however this could be minimised by making questionnaire anonymous)
• misinterpretation of questions
• e.g. ppt may not understand a question and
  as the researcher is not present
• they cannot ask for
  clarification so they leave q or give invalid information
• researcher could also misinterpret ppts answer as they cannot ask for clarification
• lowering int val
• UNLIKE in an interview, where the researcher is
  present so the ppt/researcher can ask for clarification, inc int val

Question 6

What are open questions?

Answer 6

• ppts can answer using their own words
• they can express their views of their own bhv
• responses include more detail

Question 7

What type of data do open questions gain?

Answer 7

Qualitative data = expressed in words to give a full description of what ppts think and feel
- provides detailed data with depth and detail

Question 8

What are closed questions?

Answer 8

Ppts responses are in categories e.g. yes or no

Question 9

What type of data do closed questions gain?

Answer 9

Quantitative data (only when closed questions are answered with a number) = expressed numerically

Question 10

What are the strengths of open questions?

Answer 10

• provides indepth, detailed data
• which provides greater und of bhv in question

Question 11

What are the weaknesses of open questions?

Answer 11

• researcher bias
• as ppts responses are interpreted subjectively by researcher

Question 12

What are the strengths of closed questions?

Answer 12

• easier to analyse + collect data
• allowing comparisons to be made bw groups of ppl
• enabling conclusions to be made abt bhv (context)

Question 13

What are the weaknesses of closed questions?

Answer 13

• lacks depth + insight into bhv (context)
• answers could lack val

Question 14

How do you design a questionnaire?