Self-harm Flashcards
How common is it?
Prevalence of approximately 0.5%, but may be an underestimate as it relies on self-reporting
Who does it affect?
More common in adolescents and young adults – incidence peaks between the ages of 15-19 years in females and 20-24 years in males.
A national survey in the UK of 15-16 year olds estimate that more than 10% of girls and 3% of boys self-harmed in the previous year. This is consistent with the fact that women are more likely to self-harm then men. A UK survey of self-reported data found that 5.6% of people reported lifetime suicide attempts (6.9% of women and 4.3% of men), and 4.9% of people reported a lifetime history of self-harm without lethal intent (5.4% F, 4.4% M).
What risk factors are there?
Socio-economic disadvantage social isolation single divorced living alone single parent sexual minority asylum seeker Stressful life events, for example caused by relationship difficulties, or experienced by veterans from the armed forces. Mental health problems such as depression, psychosis or schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, PTSD, or a personality disorder. Chronic physical health problems. Alcohol and/or drug misuse. Involvement in the criminal justice system, particularly people still in custody. Child maltreatment or domestic violence.
Presentation/examination?
May take the form of cutting, burning (chemical, thermal etc)
Detailed history and risk assessment. Depression/suicide history.
Treatment
Ensure follow up within 48 hours if not sooner. Manage any psychosocial needs that you can. Remove access to any means of self-harm where possible. Offer written and verbal information to the person and their family, carers, or significant others, about local and national sources of support, groups, and voluntary organisations. Arrange for review and follow up. Ensure good coordination of the MDT. Manage any underlying conditions. Pray they have good relationships, family and friends.
