Selective Attention And Schizophrenia Flashcards
What do schizophrenics show deficits in?
Helmsley (1952) said that schizophrenics show deficits in using past experiences to govern current thinking. “I’m attending to everything at once, so I can’t attend to anything” (mcghie and Chapman, 1961)
What is schizophrenia?
Form of psychosis characterised by positive negative and cognitive symptoms. E.g. Abnormal ideas (delusions), formal thought disorder (thought derailment, loss of goals), cognitive dysfunction ( deficits in executive function, verbal, visual memory)
What did grey et al 1997 find?
Intra accumben injections if haloperidol (typical antipsychotic and dopamine antagonist) successfully reverses blockade caused by systemic amphetamine (increases extracelluar dopamine)
Destruction of dopaminergic terminals in the nucleus accumbens potentiates LI
What study showed chloropramazine also reversed amphetamine?
Solomon et al 1981 showed that chloropramazine (classical antipsychotic, dopamine antagonist) also reversed effects of amphetamine
Human clinical trial of selective attention?
Angst et al 1980 showed that animal models have high predictive validity, when prescribed amphetamine disrupted a selective attention task
Evaluation of human clinical trial
Lubow (2005) difference between rule learning in humans and latent inhibition in animals
In human controls PPI dopamine?
In human controls when prescribed with a haloperidol (inverse dopamine agonist - opposite pharmacological effect) reduced startle reflex (Kuman et al 1998)
What is MK801?
Nmda receptor antagonist which disrupts LI - best time to administer is pre exposure (Traverso 2003)
Study of PPI in glutamate?
PPI disrupted by glutamate antagonist and this effect can be reversed by atypical antipsychotics (clozapine - dopamine, serotonin, noradrenaline) but not reversed by classical antipsychotics (chlorpromazine - dopamine antagonist
