Selection & Adaptation

Question 1

What are genes made of?

Answer 1

DNA

Code to make proteins

Question 2

How many protein-coding genes do humans have?

Answer 2

20,000

Question 3

What are alleles

Answer 3

Variants of a gene

Differ in DNA sequence

Question 4

What does it mean when species evolve?

Answer 4

A change in the frequency of alleles occur within a population

Question 5

What does Natural Selection refer to?

Answer 5

The process where genotypes with higher fitness increase in frequency in a population

Question 6

What does genotype refer to?

Answer 6

An individual’s complete set of alleles/genes

Question 7

What is adaptation?

Answer 7

A trait that functions to increase fitness associated with highest relative fitness in a given environment

Question 8

What is the only way that adaptations can evolve?

Answer 8

Through Natural Selection

Question 9

What is speciation?

Answer 9

Process by which populations evolve to become distinct species
Accentuation of differences between parents & offspring populations

Question 10

What is required for speciation to occur?

Answer 10

Genetic variation
Environmental change or migration
Reproductive isolation