Seismology intro1

Question 1

Seismology

Answer 1

Elastic rebound theory (forces bend till breaking point)

Question 2

Seismic waves are

Answer 2

elastic waves

Question 3

2 body waves

Answer 3

so called bcs they travel through earth ( P and S)

Question 4

P

Answer 4

primary (compression) constant compression and dilation

Question 5

S

Answer 5

secondary or shear, material is shearing it, moves in actualy wave like motion

Question 6

which wave arrives at station first?

Answer 6

Since Vp > Vs > Vsw P waves generally arrive at a station first
followed by S waves

Question 7

when P waves hit an interface

Answer 7

P waves hitting an interface at an angle will produce reflected and refracted (transmitted) S and P waves.

Question 8

Impedance Z

Answer 8

Sign and amplitude of reflected and transmitted wave depends on the “impedance”,

Question 9

calculating impedence

Answer 9

The impedance, Z, of a layer (or material) is the product of its density and velocity .

Question 10

impedence contrast

Answer 10

High impedence contrast favours reflection, low impedence contrast favours transmission.

Question 11

Shadowzone P wave

Answer 11

P-wave SZ is between 104° and 140°.

Question 12

Shadowzone S wave

Answer 12

S-wave SZ between 104 ° and 256

Question 13

PREM

Answer 13

Preliminary reference earth model
reference model for earth
gives us velocitys, densitys and other parameters for earth

Question 14

pressure

Answer 14

Pressure= force / area

can model pressure setting using machines, morphing minerals etc, using phase diagrams to model situations