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morfofisiologia vegetal > Segundo Parcial > Flashcards

Segundo Parcial Flashcards

1
Q

Mitocondria

A

Metabolismo oxidante y fosforilacion oxidativa

Ribosomas traduccion de RNAm

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2
Q

Matriz Mitocondria

A

Proteinas para ciclo de Krebs

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3
Q

Membrana Mitocondria

A

Complejo de proteinas que permiten fosforilacion oxidativa (NADH)

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4
Q

Enzimas Mitocondria

A

Ciclo de citrato

Fundamentales para activar ciclos metabolicos

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5
Q

Savia Bruta

A

Agua con iones

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6
Q

Savia Laborada

A

Productos metabolicos

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7
Q

Citoesqueleto

A

Red tridimencional de filamentos proteinicos

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8
Q

Microfilamento

A

Mas delgados 7nm
Actina
Direccionalidad
Se desarman con rapidez

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9
Q

Funcion microfilamento

A

movimiento de miosina, proteinas y organulos
Forma y estrucuta
Region distal del citoplasma

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10
Q

Filamentos intermedios

A

Proteinas fibrosas entretejidas
8 y 10 nm
Queratina
Permanentes

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11
Q

Funcion filamentos intermedios

A

Estructural
Soportar la tension
mantener la forma y anclar el nucleo en su lugar

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12
Q

Microtubulos

A

25 nm
Alfa y beta tubulina
Dinamicas
Direccionalidad

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13
Q

Funcion Microtubulos

A

Estructural, resistir compresion
Rieles motaras quinesinas y dineinas
Transportar vesiculas
HUSO en division celular, separa cromosomas

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14
Q

Nucleo Celular

A

Membrana semipermeable

DNA

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15
Q

Eucromatina

A

Menos condensada

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16
Q

Heterocromatina

A

Mas condensada

17
Q

Nucleotido

A

Base nitrogenada, azucar y grupo fosfato

18
Q

Nucleolo

A

Sintesis RNA

19
Q

Nucleoplasma

A

Contenido nuclear

20
Q

Empaquetamiento DNA

A
  1. DNA undio a histonas, formando nucleosomas(8histomas)
  2. nucleosomas forman cuentas sobre hebra de dna
  3. espiral que se enrrolla en otra espiral
  4. Espirales se pliegan en asas
  5. Las asas se enrollan en cromosomas
21
Q

Transcripcion

Iniciacion

A

ARN polimerasa reconoce centros promotores

Abre doble helice para ribonucleotidos

22
Q

Transcripcion

Elongacion

A

ARN polimerasa avanza en sentido 3-5 y sintetiza el ARN en sentido 5-3

23
Q

Transcripcion

Terminacion

A

ARN polimerasa reconoce señal de terminacion

24
Q

Poro Nuclear

A

moleculas de alta energia
8 proteinas + anillo = canasta
Fibra proteica acerca a canastilla

25
Q

Ciclo celular

A

G1 – G0
S
G2
Division

26
Q

G1

A

Celula duplica su tamaño y aumenta el numero de organelos y enzimas

27
Q

G0

A

La celula cesa de dividirse

28
Q

S

A

Duplicacion del ADN y proteinas

29
Q

G2

A

Cromosomas se condensan

30
Q

Division

A

Se separan dos juegos cromosomicos

31
Q

Pared Celular

A

Limita protoplasto
Protege de rotura
Participa en absorcion, transporte y secrecion de sustancias
Actividades lisosomicas y digestivas

32
Q

Componentes de Pared celular

A

Fibras de celulosa

Matriz

33
Q

Componentes de matriz de pared celular

A 
Azucares y proteinas 
Pectina
Hemicelulosa
Glicoproteinas
Agua 
Minerales 
Lignina, Cutina, Suberina
34
Q

Capas pared celular

A

Lamina Media
Pared Primaria
Pared secundaria

35
Q

Lamina Media pared celular

A

Sustancia intercelular
Pectina
Primera capa en division celular
Fibras de celulosa apretadas, ancladas en pectina

36
Q

Pared Primaria pared celular

A

Segunda capa en formarse
Hemicelulosa, Pectina y Glicoproteinas
Flexible

37
Q

Campos primarios

A

Adelgazamiento en paredes para entrar plasmodesmos

38
Q

Pared Secundaria pared celular

A

Mayor LIGNINA

Menor PECTINA

39
Q

Desmotubulos

A

Tubulo dentro de plasmodesmos, prolongacion del REL

morfofisiologia vegetal (4 decks)

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