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Neuro II first Exam > Segars: Introduction to Pharmacology > Flashcards

Segars: Introduction to Pharmacology Flashcards

1
Q

What is pharmacodynamics?

A
  • how the DRUG affects the body

- MOA

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2
Q

What is Pharmacokinetics?

A
  • How the BODY affects the drug

- ADME

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3
Q

What is ADME

A
  • absorption
  • Distribution
  • metabolism
  • elimination
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4
Q

What is a prodrug

A
  • the inactive form

- gets transformed into active compound

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5
Q

Pharmacotherapeutics

A

-study of the appropriate use of meds to effectively treat or prevent disease and manage sx

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6
Q

Pharmacogenetics

A

-genetic impact on drug metabolic or handling processes which can affect individual responses to drugs

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7
Q

Pharmacoeconomics

A

-field of study utilizing scientific and economic methods to evaluate and compare value between therapies

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8
Q

Pharmacoepidemiology

A

-field of study that applies epidemiological principles and methods to study the uses and effects of medications on large populations

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9
Q

What does pharmaceutical equivalence mean?

A
  • same ingredients
  • same dosage form
  • same strength
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10
Q

What is a pharmaceutical alternative?

A
  • SAME DRUG!

- different form or salt form

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11
Q

Therapeutic equivalence

A

-must be pharmaceutically equivalent and have the same therapeutic effect and safety profile

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12
Q

What is bioequivalence

A
  • similar rate and extent of absorption

- 80-125% of reference product

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13
Q

When is the generic drug “just as good” as the other one?

A

-when it is pharmaceutical, therapeutically, and bio- equivalent!

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14
Q

Which generics are the good drugs to give?-

A

-the A rated ones… not B rated

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15
Q

among the scheduled/controlled drugs, what FDA classification means it’s ok?

A
  • C-V

- the higher the number, the more ok it is

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16
Q

What are the 9 legal requirements of prescriptions?

A
  • name/address of prescriber
  • name/address of patient
  • date prescription was written
  • name and strength of medication
  • directions for use (use the abbrevs)
  • quantity to be dispensed
  • number of refills allowed
  • prescriber’s signature
  • Prescriber’s DEA number (2 letter, 7 digit)
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17
Q

convert 1 kg to lbs

A

-1kg=2.2 lbs!

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18
Q

microgram

A

-1/1000 of a mg

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19
Q

tbsp to tsp

A
  • 1tbsp= 3 tsps

- 15mL

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20
Q

ounces to tsp and tbsp and mL

A
  • 30 mL
  • 2 tbsps
  • 6 tsp
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21
Q

quart

A
  • 946 mL

- 2 pints= 1 quart

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22
Q

Gallon to liters

A
  • G= 3.79L
  • 4 quarts
  • 8 pints
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23
Q

qd

A

-ever day

24
Q

bid

A

-twice daily

25
Q

tid

A

-thrice daily

26
Q

qid

A

-4 times daily

27
Q

qod

A

-every other day

28
Q

q “x” h

A

-every “x” hours

29
Q

days of the week

A

-M, T, E, R, F, Sa, S

30
Q

qam

A

every morning

31
Q

qpm

A

every evening

32
Q

qhs

A

every night at bedtime

33
Q

prn

A

as needed

34
Q

ac

A

before meals

35
Q

pc

A

after meals

36
Q

od

A

right eye

37
Q

o.s.

A

left eye

38
Q

o.u.

A

both eyes

39
Q

a.d.

A

right ear

40
Q

a.s

A

left ear

41
Q

a.u.

A

both ears

42
Q

drops

A

gtt

43
Q

p.o.

A

by mouth

44
Q

s.l.

A

sublingually

45
Q

i.v.

A

intravenously

46
Q

i.m.

A

intramuscularly

47
Q

s.q.

A

subcutaneously

48
Q

p.r.

A

-per rectum

49
Q

NGT

A

-naso-gastric tube

50
Q

OGT

A

-oro-gastric tube

51
Q

u.t. dict.

A

as directed

52
Q

t.r.a.

A

to run at

53
Q

k.v.o.

A

keep vein open

54
Q

What does D5W mean?

A
  • 5% dextrose in water

- 50 grams in 100mL

55
Q

What is 1/2NS?

A
  • .45% NaCl

- 1/4 is 0.225% NaCl

Neuro II first Exam (5 decks)

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