Seed Production Flashcards
1
Q
cross-pollination
A
- a breeding system n which the plant is pollinated by pollen from a separate genotype either because of flower structure of artificial control during pollination
- pollen must come from a different flower
- leads to a heterozygous population
- same as outcrossing
2
Q
emasculation
A
- remove the male parts so that a plant cannot self-pollinate
3
Q
F-1 hybrid
A
- the first generation of a planned cross of two or more inbred lines
- will have hybrid vigor
4
Q
hybrid line
A
- forced pollination between two inbred lines
- resultant cultivar can show hybrid vigor (heterosis)
5
Q
inbred line
A
- self-pollinated plants
- they can be used as isogenic lines for cultivar use or as parents for hybrid crosses
6
Q
isogenic line
A
?
7
Q
male sterility
A
- when the flower doesn’t produce functioning male parts - so as not to self-pollinate
- desirable because then avoid having to emasculate and hand pollinate
8
Q
open-pollination
A
- cross-pollinated species that produce a relatively homogeneous population for specific traits important for production of that crop
- cheaper to produce compared to hybrid seed b/c don’t have to hand pollinate
- b/c genetically heterogenic population, can be more variable than hybrids
- heirloom seed
9
Q
out-crossing
A
same as cross-pollination?
10
Q
seed cleaning
A
- need to separate and clean all the debris from seeds and grade.
11
Q
seed cleaning - air lifters
A
- separate seed based on weight
12
Q
seed cleaning - gravity separations
A
- gravity tables use size, weight, and density to remove poor seed and debris
- have tilted platform that uses vibration or air flow to separate seeds
- denser seeds walk toward the higher edge of the platform
- spiral separator used gravity and centripetal force to separate round from flat seeds
- round seeds move faster down the separator
13
Q
seed cleaning - maceration
A
- separate seeds from fleshy fruit
- uses water and flailing impellers to extract seeds (blender with wooden dowel rod instead of blades)
- or set of screen and mash around until all fleshy stuff is pushed through but seeds stay on top of screen
14
Q
seed cleaning - size separation
A
- screens are used to remove smaller seeds or seeds of different shapes or sizes
- an indent cylinder separates seeds based on seed size
15
Q
seed conditioning
A
- the separation of the seeds from fruit and removable of weak seeds, non-seed materials and weed seeds
