Seed Plants: Angiosperms Flashcards
what is another name for flowering plants?
angiosperms
what were the last of the seed plants to evolve
angiosperms
during which period do we see the evolution of angiosperms
cretaceous (later part of the age of the dinosaurs)
when did angiosperms undergo adaptive radiation?
during the cretaceous
what do all flowering plants produce
flowers!
within the female parts of a flower what 2 things are produced in angiosperms
diploid zygote
triploid endosperm
what 3 things help to pollinate angiosperms
wind, animals and water
how are sperm delivered to the female angiosperm
through pollen
where are sperm delivered into the female angiosperm
into the female gametophyte
how many sperm are delivered to the female angiosperm
2
describe the path that the 2 sperm take when they are delivered to the female angiosperm
one fuses with the egg to produce the zygote, the other helps to form the nurtritive tissue known as endosperm.
what is double fertilization?
when 2 sperm are released. one sperm fuses with the egg to form the zygote and the other helps to form the nutritive tissue known as endosperm.
what does angio mean
hidden
what are the modified leaves in angiosperms called
flowers
what do flowers develop into
seeds and fruits
what are the larger xylem cells known as in flowers
vessels
what is the function of vessels
they improve the effincincy of the vascular system
what are flowers
collection of reproductive and sterile tissue arranged in a tight wholred arraay having very short internodes.
List the sterile parts of the flower
the sepals and the petals
when sepals and petals are similar in size and shape what are they called
tepals
what are the reproductive parts of the flower called
stamen and carpel
is the stamen the male or female sex organ
male
is the carpel the male or female sex organ
female
what is the collective term for the stamen
androecium
what is another name for carpel
pistil
what is the collective term for the female parts of a flower
gynoecium
what does it mean to be a complete flower
all parts of the flower are present and functional
what is an incomplete flower
one or more parts of the flower are absent
what is an inflorensence
a stalk bearing numerous flowers. this is often seen in orchids
if a flower has white or yellow petals, it siginfys an adaptation for what?
insect pollination
what is an adaptation that plants that depend on wind pollination like grasses oaks and elms
their petals are reduced and often inconspicuous.
do flowering plants have alternation of generations
yes
what is the dominant phase of the angiosperm lifecycle
sporophyte
is the sporophyte of the gametophyte bigger in angiosperm
sporophyte
what is the gametophyte reliant on for nutrition?
sporophyte
what 2 things make angiosperms unique
flowers
double fertilization
what do angiosperms encase their seeds with
a ripened ovary wall known as a fruit
what is another name for a ripened ovary wall
fruit
can fruits be dry?
yes
what is the phylum of flowering plants
anthophyta
about how many flowering plants are there
235,000
how many groups are flowering plants divided into
2
what are the 2 names of flowering plants called
monocots and dicots
mono or di : woody
dicot
mono or di: herbaceous
monocot
mono or di: flower parts are in multiples of 3
monocots
mono or di: parallel veined
monocot
mono or di: vascular bundles scattered within the stem
monocots
mono or di: vascular bundles arranged within a circle within the stem
dicots
mono or di : one cotyledon
monocots
mono or di: 2 seedleaves
dicots
mono or di: flower parts usually arranged in multiples of 4 or 5
dicots
mono or di: mustards
dicot
mono or di: maples
dicot
mono or di: corn
monocots
mono or di:marijuanna
dicots
mono or di: lilies
monocots
mono or di: grasses
monocots
mono or di: beans
dicots
are monocots or dicots a staple in modern civilization
monocots
? account for ? % of our food
monocots account for 75% of our food
