SEED AND FRUIT Flashcards
Seed is often described as fertilised ovule.
True/False
True
Seeds are formed inside _________
Fruits
Seed typically consists of _______, _______ and ___________
seed coat, cotyledon(s), embryo axis
Cotyledons are generally thin and swollen due to storage of food reserves.
True/false
False
Thick
Non-albuminous/ex-albuminous seeds are those _________
which dont have residual endosperm as it is completely consumed during embryo development.
Eg. of non-albuminous seeds
2
Pea, groundnut
Albuminous seeds are those which __________
retain a part of endosperm as it is not completely used up duruing embryo development.
Egs. of albuminous seeds
4
Wheat, barley, maize, castor
Residual nucellus persistent in some seeds is called __________
Perisperm
Egs. of seeds with perisperm
2
Beet, black pepper
Integuments of ovule harden to form __________
Tough, protective seed coat
Micropyle remains a small pore in the ___________
Seed coat
What is the function of micropyle?
Facilitates the entry of water and oxygen into the seed for germination.
As the seed matures, its water content increases/reduces and seeds become relatively dry/wet ( ________ % mositure by mass)
Reduces, dry, 10-15
The general metabolic activity of embryo increases in speed/slows down.
Slows down
State of inactivity that embryo enters is called ___________
Dormancy
What are the favourable conditions in which seed germinates?
3
- Adequate moisture
2.Oxygen
3.Temp.
The transformation of ovules into seeds and ovary into fruit proceeds subsequently.
True/false
False
Simultaneously
Wall of ovary develops into the wall of fruit called_______
Pericarp
Fleshy fruits eg.
3
Mango, orange, guava
Dry fruits eg.
2
Groundnut, mustard
In most plants, by the time fruits develop from ovary, other floral parts degenerate and fall off.
True/false
True
Fruits in which thalamus contributes to fruit formation are called __________
False fruits
Egs. of false fruits
3
Apple, strawberry, cashew
Most fruits develop only from ovary and are called __________
True fruits
In most of the species, fruits are results of __________
Fertilisation
Fruits which develop without fertilisation are called ____________
Parthenocarpic fruits
Parthenocarpy can be induced through the application of ____________
Growth hormones
Parthenocarpic fruits are seed-bearing / seed less
Seedless
Eg. of parthenocarpic fruit
1
Banana
Since reproductive processes such as pollination and fertilisation are independent of ________, seed formation is more dependable.
Water
Seeds have better adaptive strategies for dispersal to new habitats .
True/false
True
As seeds have sufficient food reserves, young seedlings are nourished until they are capable of _______
Photosynthesis
Hard seed coat provides protection to ___________
Young embryo
Seeds do not generate any new genetic combinations leading to variations.
True/false
False
They do
____________ is the basis of our agriculture
Seed
________ and ____ of mature seeds are crucial for storage of seeds to be used as food or to raise crop in next season.
Dehydration and dormancy
________ was excavated from Arctic Tundra
Lupine, Lupinus arcticus
The seed of lupine germinated and flowered after an estimated record of ____________ years of dormancy
10000
Phoenix dactylifera is ___________
Date palm
Pheonix dactylifera is a ________ years old viable seed
2000
Pheonix dactylifera was discovered during archeological excavation at ________ near ______
King Herod’s palace ,Dead sea
Each fruit of orchid contains ____ tiny seeds
thousands of
Parasitic species with many seeds
2
Orobanche and Striga
________ tree produces billions of seeds
Ficus
