Sedimentary Rocks Flashcards
These rocks are formed by the compaction of sediments.
Sedimentary Rocks
Occurs when substances harden crystallize in the spaces between loose sediments.
Cementation
Occurs when sediments are hardened by being squeezed together by the weight of layers on top of them.
Compaction
These are fragments of rock that have been broken down as a result of weathering. (Wind, Running Water, etc.)
Sediments
The solid materials left behind after a liquid evaporates.
Precipitate
Made from materials that were once living things.
Organic
Sedimentsmay include:
-fragments of other rocks that have been worn down into small pieces, like sand
-organicmaterials, or in other words, the remains of once-living organisms
- chemicalprecipitates, which are materials that get left behind after the water evaporates from a solution.
Large rock formation at the surface of the Earth. You can often see layers that show the position and order in which the original sediment layers were deposited.
Outcrop (Ex. Grand Canyon)
Does the environment where the sediments are deposited determine the type of sedimentary rock that will form there?
Yes
The hardening of layers of loose sediment into rock
Lithification
Lithification is made up of two processes:
Cementation, Compaction
Sedimentary rocks made of cemented, non-organic sediments are called:
Clastic Rocks
Sedimentary rocks that form from organic remains are called:
Bioclastic Rocks
Sedimentary rocks formed by the hardening of chemical precipitates cementing substances come from the water that moves through the sediments are called:
Chemical Sedimentary Rocks
Sediments must be _______ and ________ to make sedimentary rock. This process is called _______.
Compacted, Cemented, Lithification
