Sedimentary+metamorphic Rocks Flashcards
Describes rock and mineral fragments produced by weathering and erosion classified according to particle size and shape
Clastic
The process in which minerals precipitate into pore spaces between sediment grains and bind sediments together to form rock.
Cementation
Sedimentary rock that forms when fragments of preexisting rocks are compacted or cemented together.
Clastic Sedimentary Rock
The process by which sediments are pressed together under their own weight
Compaction
A sedimentary rock formed of material deposited from solution by evaporation of the water
Evaporite
The metamorphic rock texture whose grains are arranged in parallel layers or bands.
Foliated
The process that converts sediments into solid rock by compaction or cementation
Lithification
A type of rock that forms from an existing rock that is changed by heat, pressure, or chemical reactions
Metamorphic Rock
The metamorphic rock texture in which mineral grains are not arranged in planes or bands
Non foliated
The percentage of the total volume of a rock or sediment that consists of open spaces
Porosity
A series of processes on the surface and inside Earth that slowly changes rocks from one kind to another
Rock Cycle
Small pieces of weathered rock such as gravel, sand, or pebbles
Sediment
A type of rock that forms when particles from other rocks or the remains of plants and animals are pressed and cemented together
Sedimentary Rock
A rounded pebble would be a type of particle found in a ________.
Conglomerate Rock
Salt and other minerals that form when a body of water dries up are called ______________.
Evaporites
Metamorphism develops from increased ________ and _________ put on other rocks causing the change.
Heat and Pressure
Quartzite is formed by metamorphism of quartz ______________, a type of sedimentary rock.
Sandstone
___________ sedimentary rocks are formed from the remains of once living organisms
Biochemical rock (Organic)
The degree to which sediment particles become rounded depends on their hardness, how far they are transported, and the energy of their collisions with other particles. True or False?
True
Deep lagoons are more effective in rounding sediment particles than swiftly flowing rivers. True or False?
False
Clastic sedimentary rocks are classified on the basis of their particle sizes. True or False?
True
In metamorphism, heat melts the rocks. True or False?
False
Foliation refers to a orientation of the mineral grains perpendicular to the direction of greatest pressure. True or False?
True
The main difference between a breccia and a conglomerate is:
(a) particle size.
(b) particle shape.
(c) color.
(d)mineral composition.
B
Of the following, the most likely environment of deposition for shale is: (a) in the surf zone.
(b) in the rapids of a steep mountain stream.
(c) below a waterfall.
(d) the bottom of a quiet lagoon
D
The rock that results from the metamorphism of limestone is:
(a) schist
(b) quartzite
(c) gneiss
(d) marble
D
The formation of shale is from the deposition of:
(a) gravel
(b) silt
(c) clay
(d) sand
C
The processes of the rock cycle that causes a Metamorphic Rock to become a Sedimentary Rock:
(a) Heat and then pressure
(b) Weathering and then lithification
(c) Erosion and then cooling
(d) Compaction and then heat
B
