sedative hypnotics, anti-anxieties, muscle relaxers Flashcards
What is a state oaf anesthesia?
A state of unconsciousness without possibility of arousal
T/F sedation causes relaxation, calmness, and decreased motor activity with loss of consciousness?
False! It does those things withOUT loss of consciousness
The two major classes of sedative-hypnotic and anti-anxiety are what?
Barbiturates
and
Benzodiazepines
The GABA-A receptor is a pentamer. T/F- The barbiturates and benzodiazepines work at this receptor?
True, but they bind at different sites on the receptors- allosteric modification
GABA-A and GABA-B receptors exist. What its the difference between them?
Does GABA work for both receptors? What is the end result for both?
GABA-A is a ligand gated ion channel whereas the GABA-B is a G protein coupled receptor.
And GABA activates both receptors
Hyper polarization results
What do barbiturates do to the Cl- channel opening?
Barbiturates increase the duration of GABA-mediated channel opening
What do benzodiazepines do to the Cl- channel opening?
They increase the frequency of GABA-mediated channel opening
Do barbiturates and benzodiazepines have the same end result?
Yep
T/F the heterogeneity of the GABA-A receptors contributes to the clinical differences observed between barbiturates and benzodiazepines?
True
Why are benzodiazepines better for anti-anxiety than barbiturates?
Barbiturates are more toxic and they knock out everything instead of benzodiazepines that don’t knock out everything
T/F respiratory depression by benzodiazepines is not a problem by itself?
True. You won’t die due to asphyxiation when you take benzodiazepines.
T/F pharmacodynamic behavior is more important than the difference in profile activity?
False, this statement is true of pharmacokinetics
T/F benzodiazepines are less likely to be abused or cause a dependency?
True
is ambien good for muscle relaxation or seizure prevention?
nope, just for helping you go to sleep
Clinical effects of barbiturates- it is a dose dependent suppression of what?
The CNS- known as “downers” just like our last fixed test
What are the three classes of barbiturates?
Long acting- 1-2 days
Short- 3-8 hours
Ultrashort- 20 minutes
Do we use barbiturates in dentistry?
Yep, for sedative-hypnotic drugs
Bipolar disorder has two components. What are they?
Manic part
Depression part
What treats the manic part of bipolar disorder?
Lithium. Lithium salts. We don’t know how they work though.
To treat bipolar disorder what drugs would you use?
For the manic part use a lithium salt.
For the depression part use anti-depressant/anti-psychotic,/anti-convulsants
