Sedative Hypnotic Agents Flashcards
A drug that induces sleep =
hypnotic
A drug that produces sedation =
sedative
See… easy, peasy! ;-)
Also:
Calming of mental excitement
Reduction of agitation or irritability
Reduction of anxiety and apprehension (anxiolytic)
T/F: Barbiturates are safer than Benzodiazepines b/c they don’t induce coma.
False. The reverse is true. Benzodiazepines are safer.
Which of the following is NOT a benzodiazepine? A.Diazepam B. Clonazepam C. Chlordiazepoxide D. Eszopiclone
D. This is a non-benzodiazepine
Name 3 Non-benzodiazepines
Zolpidem
Zaleplon
Eszopiclone
What is required on the benzodiazepine structure for sedative-hypnotic activity?
Halogen or nitro group
Name 2 barbiturates
Phenobarbital
Primidone
Buspirone and doxepin are ___
anxiolytics
Ramelteon, diphenhydramine, doxylamine are ___
hypnotics
Name the GABAA receptor subunits
2 alpha, 2 beta, gamma
Benzodiazepine or barbiturates, both or neither?
GABAa receptor agonist
Neither b/c they do NOT activate GABA-A receptors in the absence of GABA.
Both are GABA-A receptor modulators
Benzodiazepine or barbiturates, both or neither?
Increase frequency of Cl- channel opening, even without GABA present
Neither
Benzodiazepine or barbiturates, both or neither?
Increase frequency of Cl- channel opening with GABA present
Benzodiazepine
Benzodiazepine or barbiturates, both or neither?
Enhance GABA’s inhibitor effect by increasing Cl- influx (hyperpolarization)
Both
Benzodiazepine or barbiturates, both or neither?
At high concentration, it directly activates Cl- channel, even without GABA
Barbiturates