Sedation/ Anesthesia

Question 1

Nitrous Oxide

Answer 1

Inhaled gas 50:50 ratio

Onset 1-2 min

Side effects - fills spaces like pneumothorax

Question 2

Midazolam

Answer 2

BENZO

onset 2-3 min

.05-.1 mg/kg q 2 min IV for minimal sedation

Need pain control in addition

Question 3

Fentanyl

Answer 3

1 - 3 mcg/min slow push for minimal sedation

Side effects - hypotension

Question 4

Combo Dosing of Fentanyl and Midazolam for Moderate Sedation

Answer 4

.1 mg / kg midazolam + 1-2 mcg/kg fentanyl

Question 5

Methohexital

Answer 5

BARB

1 mg/kg

Onset 1 min

Question 6

Ketamine

Answer 6

Dissociative

1 mg/kg IV for moderate sedation

No apnea of hypotension

Side effects - aggression, N&V on awakening

Question 7

Etomidate

Answer 7

.15 mg/kg IV followed by .1 mg/ kg aliquots q 2 min for moderate sedation

No hypotension

Side effects - myclonic jerks in 20% patients

Question 8

Propofol

Answer 8

.5-1 mg / kg IV followed by .5 mg/kg aliquots q 3 min for moderate sedation

Side effect - HYPOTENSION

Question 9

Lidocaine v. Lidocaine w/ epi

Answer 9

Lidocaine - 4.5 mg / kg max; 1-2 hr duration

Lidocaine w/ epi - 7 mg / kg max; 2-4 hr duration

Question 10

Bupivicaine v. bupivicaine w/ epi

Answer 10

Bupivicaine - 2 mg /kg max; 4-8 hr duration

Bupivicaine w/ epi - 3 mg/kg max; 8-16 hr duration

Question 11

Procaine v. procaine w/ epi

Answer 11

Procaine (ESTHER) - 7 mg / kg max; 15-45 min duration

Procaine w/ epi - 9 mg/kg max; 30-60 min duration