Sedation/ Anesthesia Flashcards
Nitrous Oxide
Inhaled gas 50:50 ratio
Onset 1-2 min
Side effects - fills spaces like pneumothorax
Midazolam
BENZO
onset 2-3 min
.05-.1 mg/kg q 2 min IV for minimal sedation
Need pain control in addition
Fentanyl
1 - 3 mcg/min slow push for minimal sedation
Side effects - hypotension
Combo Dosing of Fentanyl and Midazolam for Moderate Sedation
.1 mg / kg midazolam + 1-2 mcg/kg fentanyl
Methohexital
BARB
1 mg/kg
Onset 1 min
Ketamine
Dissociative
1 mg/kg IV for moderate sedation
No apnea of hypotension
Side effects - aggression, N&V on awakening
Etomidate
.15 mg/kg IV followed by .1 mg/ kg aliquots q 2 min for moderate sedation
No hypotension
Side effects - myclonic jerks in 20% patients
Propofol
.5-1 mg / kg IV followed by .5 mg/kg aliquots q 3 min for moderate sedation
Side effect - HYPOTENSION
Lidocaine v. Lidocaine w/ epi
Lidocaine - 4.5 mg / kg max; 1-2 hr duration
Lidocaine w/ epi - 7 mg / kg max; 2-4 hr duration
Bupivicaine v. bupivicaine w/ epi
Bupivicaine - 2 mg /kg max; 4-8 hr duration
Bupivicaine w/ epi - 3 mg/kg max; 8-16 hr duration
Procaine v. procaine w/ epi
Procaine (ESTHER) - 7 mg / kg max; 15-45 min duration
Procaine w/ epi - 9 mg/kg max; 30-60 min duration