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My Security+ SY0-501 Acronyms > Security+ SYO-501 - Acronyms > Flashcards

Security+ SYO-501 - Acronyms Flashcards

1
Q

3DES

A

Triple Digital Encryption Standard

About the name: AES applies the DES cipher algorithm three times to each data block. 
Type:  Symmetric-key block cipher
Key sizes: 168, 112 or 56 bits (keying option 1, 2, 3 respectively)
Block sizes: 64 bits
Rounds: 48 DES-equivalent rounds
Structure: Feistel network
First published: 1998 (ANS X9.52)
Retired:  2018 (replaced by AES)
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2
Q

AAA

A

Authentication, Authorization, and Accounting

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3
Q

ABAC

A

Attribute-Based Access Control

  • Defined by NIST 800-162
  • A logical access control methodology where authorization to perform a set of operations is determined by evaluating attributes associated with the subject, object, requested operations, and, in some cases, environment conditions against policy, rules, or relationships that describe the allowable operations for a given set of attributes.
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4
Q

ACL

A

Access Control List

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5
Q

AES

A

Advanced Encryption Standard

Original name: Rijndael
Type:  Symmetric-key block cipher
Key sizes: 128, 192 or 256 bits
Block sizes: 128 bits
Rounds: 10, 12 or 14 (depending on key size)
Designers: Vincent Rijmen, Joan Daemen
Structure: Substitution–permutation network
First published: 1998 (NIST)
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6
Q

AES256

A

Advanced Encryption Standard 256-bit

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7
Q

AH

A

Authentication Header

IPsec is composed of two separate (mutually exclusive) protocols:Authentication Header (AH)andEncapsulating Security Payload (ESP). AH provides the authentication and integrity checking for data packets, and ESP provides encryption services.

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8
Q

ALE

A

Annualized Loss Expectancy

$$$ how much loss you could expect in a year.
ALE = SLE x ARO

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9
Q

AP

A

Access Point

An AP works at Layer 2 (the data link layer) of the OSI model, and it can operate as a bridge connecting a standard wired network to wireless devices or as a router passing data transmissions from one access point to another.

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10
Q

API

A

Application Programming Interface

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11
Q

APT

A

Advanced Persistent Threat

Often nation-states (e.g. China). Hackers with skill , resources and TIME

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12
Q

ARO

A

Annualized Rate of Occurrence

### the number of times an event is expected to occur each year
ALE = SLE x ARO
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13
Q

ARP

A

Address Resolution Protocol

Protocol used to map known IP addresses to unknown physical addresses.

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14
Q

ASLR

A

Address Space Layout Randomization

  • Randomizes the location where system executables are loaded into memory.
  • Therefore, it is a memory-protection process for operating systems (OSes) that guards against BUFFER-OVERLOW attacks
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15
Q

ASP

A

Application Service Provider

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16
Q

AUP

A

Acceptable Use Policy

defines what is and what is not acceptable activity, practice, or use for company equipment an resources

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17
Q

AV

A

Antivirus OR Asset Value (in $$)

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18
Q

BAC

A

Business Availability Center

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19
Q

BCP

A

Business Continuity Planning

Assess organizational risks and create policies, plans, and procedures to minimize impact.

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20
Q

BIA

A

Business Impact Analysis

The process of performing risk assessment on business tasks and processes rather than on assets. The purpose of BIA is to determine the risks to business processes and design protective and recovery solutions. The goal is to maintain business continuity, prevent and/or minimize downtime, and prepare for fast recovery and restoration in the event of a disaster.

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21
Q

BIOS

A

Basic Input/Output System

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22
Q

BPA

A

Business Partners Agreement

An agreement between partners in a business that outlines their responsibilities, obligations, and sharing of profits and losses.

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23
Q

BPDU

A

Bridge Protocol Data Unit

Frames that contain information about the Spanning tree protocol. A switch sends BPDUs using a unique MAC address from its origin port and a multicast address as destination MAC.

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24
Q

BYOD

A

Bring Your Own Device

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25
Q

RIP
BGP
OSPF

A

Routers usually communicate routing and other information using one of three standard protocols:

  • RIP - Routing Information Protocol
  • BGP - Border Gateway Protocol
  • OSPF - Open Shortest Path First
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26
Q

CA

A

Certificate Authority

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27
Q

CAC

A

Common Access Card

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28
Q

CAN

A

Controller Area Network

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29
Q

CAPTCHA

A

Completely Automated Public Turing Test to Tell Computers and Humans Apart

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30
Q

CAR

A

Corrective Action Report

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31
Q

CASB

A

Cloud Access Security Broker

Security policy enforcement solution. Ensures proper security measures and ensures that they are implemented between a cloud solution and a customer organization. CASBsare on-premise or cloud-based security policy enforcement points. They exist between the cloud service users and the cloud service providers for the purpose of combining (and adding) enterprise security policies as resources are accessed.
The brokers can consolidate lots of different types of security policy enforcement (single sign-on, authorization, credential mapping, encryption, and so forth) while acting like a gatekeeper. They essentially allow the organization to extend the reach of their own security policies beyond the confines of their own infrastructure.

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32
Q

CBC

A

Cipher Block Chaining

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33
Q

CCMP

A

Counter-Mode/CBC-Mac Protocol

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34
Q

CCTV

A

Closed-circuit TV

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35
Q

CER

A

Certificate
OR
Cross-over Error Rate

Cross-over Error Rate. See Biometrics, FAR, and FRR. The point at which FRR and FAR are equal. Aim for a LOW CER

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36
Q

CERT

A

Computer Emergency Response Team

Carnegie Mellon University standards for secure coding. CERT standards cover many of the same issues as OWASP, but they also have complete language-specific standards for Java, Perl, C, and C++ and exception handling.

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37
Q

CFB

A

Cipher Feedback

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38
Q

CHAP

A

Challenge Handshake Authentication Protocol

Authentication method supported by PPP (can be used by PPTP).

(1) user authenticates to the server;
(2) server directs the client to generate a random number (often a cryptographic hash) and send it to the server;
(3) server periodically challenges the client to reproduce the number/hash;
(4) if the client can’t, the server terminates the session.

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39
Q

CIO

A

Chief Information Officer

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40
Q

CIRT

A

Computer Incident Response Team

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41
Q

CMS

A

Content Management System

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42
Q

COOP

A

Continuity of Operations Plan

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43
Q

COPE

A

Corporate Owned, Personally Enabled

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44
Q

CP

A

Contingency Planning

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45
Q

CRC

A

Cyclical Redundancy Check

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46
Q

CRL

A

Certificate Revocation List

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47
Q

CSIRT

A

Computer Security Incident Response Team

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48
Q

CSO

A

Chief Security Officer

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49
Q

CSP

A

Cloud Service Provider

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50
Q

CSR

A

Certificate Signing Request

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51
Q

CSRF

A

Cross-site Request Forgery

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52
Q

CSU

A

Channel Service Unit

See also DSU. Routers, in conjunction with achannel service unit/data service unit (CSU/DSU), are also used to translate from LAN framing to WAN framing (for example, a router that connects a 100BaseT network to a T1 network).

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53
Q

CTM

A

Counter-Mode

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54
Q

CTO

A

Chief Technology Officer

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55
Q

CTR

A

Counter

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56
Q

CYOD

A

Choose Your Own Device

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57
Q

DAC

A

Discretionary Access Control

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58
Q

DBA

A

Database Administrator

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59
Q

DDoS

A

Distributed Denial of Service

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60
Q

DEP

A

Data Execution Prevention

When an application tries to launch, the user must approve the execution before it can proceed or, at the least, the system logs when an application tries to launch

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61
Q

DER

A

Distinguished Encoding Rules

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62
Q

DES

A

Digital Encryption Standard

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63
Q

DFIR

A

Digital Forensics and Investigation Response

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64
Q

DHCP

A

Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol

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65
Q

DHE

A

Data-Handling Electronics
OR
Diffie-Hellman Ephemeral

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66
Q

DLL

A

Dynamic Link Library

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67
Q

DLP

A

Data Loss Prevention

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68
Q

DMZ

A

Demilitarized Zone

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69
Q

DNAT

A

Destination Network Address Transaction

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70
Q

DNS

A

Domain Name Service (Server)

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71
Q

DoS

A

Denial of Service

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72
Q

DRP

A

Disaster Recovery Plan

Disaster recovery is an expansion of BCP. Basically, when business continuity is interrupted, a disaster has occurred.

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73
Q

DSA

A

Digital Signature Algorithm

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74
Q

DSL

A

Digital Subscriber Line

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75
Q

DSU

A

Data Service Unit

See also CSU.
Routers, in conjunction with achannel service unit/data service unit (CSU/DSU), are also used to translate from LAN framing to WAN framing (for example, a router that connects a 100BaseT network to a T1 network).

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76
Q

Extensible Authentication Protocol

A

ECB

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77
Q

EAP

A

Extensible Authentication Protocol

Authentication method supported by PPP (can be used by PPTP)

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78
Q

ECB

A

Electronic Code Book

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79
Q

ECC

A

Elliptic Curve Cryptography

Asymmetric system designed to work with smaller processors (like hand-held devices)

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80
Q

ECDHE

A

Elliptic Curve Diffie-Hellman Ephemeral

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81
Q

ECDSA

A

Elliptic Curve Digital Signature Algorithm

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82
Q

EF

A

Exposure Factor

%%% the percentage of the asset value that is threatened with each threat occurrence

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83
Q

EFS

A

Encrypted File System

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84
Q

EMI

A

Electromagnetic Interference

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85
Q

EMP

A

Electro Magnetic Pulse

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86
Q

EOL

A

End of Life

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87
Q

ERP

A

Enterprise Resource Planning

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88
Q

ESN

A

Electronic Serial Number

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89
Q

ESP

A

Encapsulated Security Payload

IPsec is composed of two separate (mutually exclusive) protocols:Authentication Header (AH)andEncapsulating Security Payload (ESP). AH provides the authentication and integrity checking for data packets, and ESP provides encryption services.

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90
Q

EULA

A

End User License Agreement

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91
Q

FACL

A

File System Access Control List

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92
Q

FAR

A

False Acceptance Rate

See Biometircs, FRR, and CER

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93
Q

FDE

A

Full Disk Encryption

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94
Q

FRR

A

False Rejection Rate

See Biometrics, FAR and CER

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95
Q

FTP

A

File Transfer Protocol

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96
Q

FTPS

A

Secured File Transfer Protocol

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97
Q

GCM

A

Galois Counter Mode

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98
Q

GPG

A

Gnu Privacy Guard

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99
Q

GPO

A

Group Policy Object

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100
Q

GPS

A

Global Positioning System

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101
Q

GPU

A

Graphic Processing Unit

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102
Q

GRE

A

Generic Routing Encapsulation

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103
Q

HA

A

High Availability

Refers to measures such as redundancy, failover, and mirroring, used to keep services and systems operational during an outage.

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104
Q

HDD

A

Hard Disk Drive

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105
Q

HIDS

A

Host-based Intrusion Detection System

IDS runs as software on a host system. Examines machine logs, system events and application interactions, but normally doesn’t monitor incoming network traffic. Popular on servers that use encrypted channels. See also HIPS

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106
Q

HIPS

A

Host-based Intrusion Prevention System

See HIDS

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107
Q

HMAC

A

Hashed Message Authentication Code

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108
Q

HOTP

A

HMAC-based One-Time Password

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109
Q

HSM

A

Hardware security module

Devices that handle digital keys. Performs a similar function as TPM. Aka PCSM, SAM, Hardware cryptographic device, or cryptographic module. Often a plug in device.

  • Provides encryption, digital signatures, hashing, and message authentication codes.
  • Manages cryptographic keys
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110
Q

HTML

A

Hypertext Markup Language

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111
Q

HTTP

A

Hypertext Transfer Protocol

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112
Q

HTTPS

A

Hypertext Transfer Protocol over SSL/TLS

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113
Q

HVAC

A

Heating, Ventilation and Air Conditioning

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114
Q

IaaS

A

Infrastructure as a Service

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115
Q

ICMP

A

Internet Control Message Protocol

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116
Q

ICS

A

Industrial Control Systems

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117
Q

ID

A

Identification OR Intrusion Detection

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118
Q

IDEA

A

International Data Encryption Algorithm

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119
Q

IDF

A

Intermediate Distribution Frame

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120
Q

IdP

A

Identity Provider

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121
Q

IDS

A

Intrusion Detection System

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122
Q

IEEE

A

Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers

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123
Q

IIS

A

Internet Information System

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124
Q

IKE

A

Internet Key Exchange

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125
Q

IMPA4

A

Internet Message Access Protocol v4

126
Q

IoT

A

Internet of Things

127
Q

IPS

A

Internet Protocol Security

128
Q

IRC

A

Internet Relay Chat

129
Q

IRP

A

Incident Response Plan

130
Q

ISA

A

Interconnection Security Agreement

131
Q

ISP

A

Internet Service Provider

132
Q

ISSO

A

Information Systems Security Officer

133
Q

ITCP

A

IT Contingency Plan

134
Q

IV

A

Initialization Vector

135
Q

KDC

A

Key Distribution Center

136
Q

KEK

A

Key Encryption Key

137
Q

L2TP

A

Layer 2 Tunneling Protocol

138
Q

LAN

A

Local Area Network

See also: CAN, MAN, SAN, WAN

139
Q

LDAP

A

Lightweight Directory Access Protocol

140
Q

LEAP

A

Lightweight Extensible Authentication Protocol

141
Q

MaaS

A

Monitoring as a Service

142
Q

MAC

A

Mandatory Access Control OR Media Access Control OR Message Authentication Code

143
Q

MAN

A

Metropolitan Area Network

144
Q

MBR

A

Master Boot Record

145
Q

MD5

A

Message Digest 5

146
Q

MDF

A

Master Distribution Frame

147
Q

MDM

A

Mobile Device Management

148
Q

MFA

A

Multifactor Authentication

149
Q

MFD

A

Multi-function Device

150
Q

MIME

A

Multipurpose Internet Mail Exchange

151
Q

MITM

A

Man-in-the-Middle

152
Q

MMS

A

Multimedia Message Service

153
Q

MOA

A

Memorandum of Agreement

154
Q

MOTD

A

Message of the Day

155
Q

MOU

A

Memorandum of Understanding

156
Q

MPLS

A

Multi-Protocol Label Switching

157
Q

MSCHAP

A

Microsoft Challenge Handshake Authentication Protocol

158
Q

MSP

A

Managed Service Provider

159
Q

MTBF

A

Mean Time Between Failures

160
Q

MTTF

A

Mean Time To Failure

161
Q

MTTR

A

Mean Time to Repair or Restore

162
Q

MTU

A

Maximum Transmission Unit

163
Q

NAC

A

Network Access Control

164
Q

NAT

A

Network Address Translation

165
Q

NDA

A

Nondisclosure Agreement

166
Q

NFC

A

Near Field Communication

167
Q

NGAC

A

Next Generation Access Control

168
Q

NIDS

A

Network-based Intrusion Detection System

169
Q

NIPS

A

Network-based Intrusion Prevention System

170
Q

NIST

A

National Institute of Standards & Technology

171
Q

NTFS

A

New Technology File System

172
Q

NTLM

A

New Technology LAN Manager

173
Q

NTP

A

Network Time Protocol

174
Q

OAUTH

A

Open Authorization

175
Q

OCSP

A

Online Certificate Status Protocol

176
Q

OID

A

Object Identifier

177
Q

OS

A

Operating System

178
Q

OTA

A

Over The Air

179
Q

OVAL

A

Open Vulnerability Assessment Language

180
Q

P12

A

PKCS #12

181
Q

P2P

A

Peer to Peer

182
Q

PaaS

A

Platform as a Service.

183
Q

PAC

A

Proxy Auto Configuration

184
Q

PAP

A

Password Authentication Protocol

185
Q

PAT

A

Port Address Translation

186
Q

PBKDF2

A

Password-based Key Derivation Function 2

Key Stretching Algorithm. Key stretching makes a possibly weak key, typically a password or passphrase, more secure against a brute-force attack by increasing the time it takes to test each possible key. PBKDF2 applies some function (like a hash or HMAC) to the password or passphrase along with Salt to produce a derived key. Bcrypt is another method of key stretching.

187
Q

PBX

A

Private Branch Exchange

188
Q

PCAP

A

Packet Capture

189
Q

PEAP

A

Protected Extensible Authentication Protocol

190
Q

PED

A

Personal Electronic Device

191
Q

PEM

A

Privacy-enhanced Electronic Mail

192
Q

PFS

A

Perfect Forward Secrecy

193
Q

PFX

A

Personal Exchange Format

194
Q

PGP

A

Pretty Good Privacy

195
Q

PHI

A

Personal Health Information

196
Q

PII

A

Personally Identifiable Information

197
Q

PKI

A

Public Key Infrastructure

198
Q

POODLE

A

Padding Oracle on Downgrade Legacy Encryption

199
Q

POP

A

Post Office Protocol

200
Q

POTS

A

Plain Old Telephone Service

201
Q

PPP

A

Point-to-Point Protocol

202
Q

PPTP

A

Point-to-Point Tunneling Protocol

203
Q

PSK

A

Pre-shared Key

204
Q

PTZ

A

Pan-Tilt-Zoom

205
Q

PVI

A

Personal Identity Verification

206
Q

RA

A

Recovery Agent OR Registration Authority

207
Q

RAD

A

Rapid Application Development

208
Q

RADIUS

A

Remote Authentication Dial-in User Server

209
Q

RAID

A

Rudundant Array of Independent/Inexpensive Disks

210
Q

RAS

A

Remote Access Server

211
Q

RAT

A

Remote Access Trojan

212
Q

RBAC

A

Role-based Access Control OR Rule-based Access Control

213
Q

RC4

A

Rivest Cipher version 4

214
Q

RDP

A

Remote Desktop Protocol

215
Q

REST

A

Representational State Transfer

216
Q

RFID

A

Radio Frequency Identifier

217
Q

RIPEMD

A

RACE Integrity Primitives Evaluation Message Digest

218
Q

RMF

A

Risk Management Framework

219
Q

ROI

A

Return on Investment

220
Q

RPO

A

Recovery Point Objective

221
Q

RSA

A

Rivest, Shamir, and Adleman

222
Q

RTBH

A

Remotely Triggered Black Hole

223
Q

RTO

A

Recovery Time Objective

224
Q

RTOS

A

Real-time Operating System

225
Q

RTP

A

Real-time Transport Protocol

226
Q

S/MIME

A

Secure/Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions

227
Q

SaaS

A

Software as a Service

228
Q

SAML

A

Security Assertions Markup Language

229
Q

SAN

A

Storage Area Network

230
Q

SCADA

A

System/Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition

231
Q

SCAP

A

Security Content Automation Protocol

232
Q

SCEP

A

Simple Certificate Enrollment Protocol

233
Q

SCP

A

Secure Copy

234
Q

SCSI

A

Small Computer System Interface

235
Q

SDK

A

Software Development Kit

236
Q

SDLC

A

Software Development Life Cycle

237
Q

SDLM

A

Software Development Life Cycle Methodology

238
Q

SDN

A

Software-Defined Networking

239
Q

SDN

A

Software-Defined Networking

240
Q

SED

A

Self-encrypting drive

241
Q

SFTP

A

Secured File Transfer Protocol

242
Q

SHA

A

Secure Hashing Algorithm

243
Q

SHE

A

Structured Exception Handler

244
Q

SHTTP

A

Secure Hypertext Transfer Protocol

245
Q

SIEM

A

Security Information and Event Management

246
Q

SIM

A

Subscriber Identity Module

247
Q

SIPS

A

Session Initiation Protocol

248
Q

SIPS

A

Session Initiation Protocol Secure

249
Q

SLA

A

Service Level Agreement

250
Q

SLE

A

Single Loss Expectancy

251
Q

SMB

A

Server Message Block

252
Q

SMS

A

Short Message Service

253
Q

SMTP

A

Simple Mail Transfer Protocol

254
Q

SMTPS

A

Simple Mail Transfer Protocol Secure

255
Q

SNMP

A

Simple Network Management Protocol

256
Q

SOAP

A

Simple Object Access Protocol

257
Q

SoC

A

System on Chip

258
Q

SPF

A

Sender Policy Framework

259
Q

SPIM

A

Spam over Internet Messaging

260
Q

SPOF

A

Single Point of Failure

261
Q

SQL

A

Structured Query Language

262
Q

SRTP

A

Secure Real-Time Protocol

263
Q

SSD

A

Solid State Drive

264
Q

SSH

A

Secure Shell

265
Q

SSID

A

Service Set Identifier

266
Q

SSL

A

Secure Sockets Layer

267
Q

SSO

A

Single Sign-on

268
Q

SSP

A

System Security Plan

269
Q

STP

A

Shielded Twisted Pair OR Spanning Tree Protocol

270
Q

STP

A

Spanning Tree Protocol

271
Q

TACACS+

A

Terminal Access Controller Access Control System Plus

272
Q

TCO

A

Total Cost of Ownership

273
Q

TCP/IP

A

Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol

274
Q

TGT

A

Ticket Granting Ticket

275
Q

TKIP

A

Temporal Key Integrity Protocol

276
Q

TLS

A

Transport Layer Security

277
Q

TOTP

A

Time-based One-time Password

278
Q

TPM

A

Trusted platform modules

279
Q

TSIG

A

Transaction Signature

280
Q

UAT

A

User Acceptance Testing

281
Q

UAV

A

Unmanned Aerial Vehicle

282
Q

UDP

A

User Datagram Protocol

283
Q

UEFI

A

Unified Extensible Firmware Interface

284
Q

UPS

A

Uninterruptible Power Supply

285
Q

URI

A

Uniform Resource Identifier

286
Q

URL

A

Universal Resource Locator

287
Q

USB

A

Universal Serial Bus

288
Q

USB OTG

A

USB On The Go

289
Q

UTM

A

Unified Threat Management

290
Q

UTP

A

Unshielded Twisted Pair

291
Q

VDE

A

Virtual Desktop Environment

292
Q

VDI

A

Virtual Desktop Infrastructure

293
Q

VLAN

A

Virtual Local Area Network

294
Q

VLSM

A

Variable Length Subnet Masking

295
Q

VM

A

Virtual Machine

296
Q

VoIP

A

Voice over IP

297
Q

VPN

A

Virtual Private Network

298
Q

VTC

A

Video Teleconferencing

299
Q

WAF

A

Web Application Firewall

300
Q

WAP

A

Wireless Access Point

301
Q

WEP

A

Wired Equivalent Privacy

302
Q

WIDS

A

Wireless Intrusion Detection System

303
Q

WIPS

A

Wireless Intrusion Prevention System

304
Q

WORM

A

Write Once Read Many

305
Q

WPA2

A

WiFi Protected Access 2

306
Q

WPS

A

WiFi Protected Setup

307
Q

WTLS

A

Wireless TLS

308
Q

XML

A

Extensible Markup Language

309
Q

XOR

A

Exclusive Or

310
Q

XSRF

A

Cross-site Request Forgery

311
Q

XSS

A

Cross-site Scripting

My Security+ SY0-501 Acronyms (3 decks)

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