Security - NoSQL Data Models and CAP Theorem Flashcards
Relational models separate the _____ from the _____ of the program
data
design
Data are stored in ____ that are related to prevent ________ and ________ _________.
tables
anomalies and inconsistent data
Realtional databases use SQL (Stuctured Query Language) to
insert, update, delete, and read data
Limitations of Relational Databases
Large companies like google, yahoo, and amazon unable to support data and users on a single database platform.
(Limitation of relational database) Small to midsized organization needed a
system to use that would allow them to query large datasets for customer relationship management or data warehousing
Large numbers of read and write operations needed to be
fast and this is difficult with highly normalized relational databases
Limitations- Due to poor performance on ___ datasets, companies were upgrading hardware or adding memory
large
_____ was created to solve the need for good performance in large scale databases.
NoSQL (not only sql)
_____ databases address scalability and availability of data as well
NoSQL
Distributed Systems
Larger companies require multiple physical servers. This is known as
a distributed system
What is used to quickly find the location of a record
an index
Distributed databases also require backups on
clusters
ACID
Atomicity, consistency, isolation, and durability. These 4 properties are applied in relational database management systems
Atomicity
the unit cannot be divided further
Consistency
refers to data integrity
Isolation
means that transactions are not visible until they are complete
Durability
indicates that data will remain on disk even in the event of a network failure
BASE
acronym often used for NoSQL databases. BASE stands for basically available, soft state, eventually consistent
Basically available
means that even if there is a failure in some parts of the system, the rest of the system will continue to function properly
Soft state
means that data may be overwritten with more recent data
Eventually consistent
refers to times when the database is in an inconsistent state. Some NoSQL databases keep multiple copies on multiple servers and therefore may be inconsistent for periods of time.
CAP Theorem, also known as _____ Theorem, state that only _____ of three attributes (C, A, P) can be guaranteed on a system
Brewer’s
two
CAP (what does the C stand for)
C = Consistency refers to consistent copies of data on different servers. This means that every read receives the most recent written data
CAP (what does the A stand for)
Availability means a response to every query
CAP (what does the P stand for)
Partition protection means that if a network connecting the database servers fails, then the servers will still be available. This means that even if the network goes down, the system will continue to operate
Categories of NoSQL Databases - Key Value:
All data are represented as a single key with an associated value. Associated technologies: DynamoDB, Oracle No SQL, Redis
Categories of NoSQL Databases - Document:
Data are represented as a key and a document. Documents are generally JSON or XML. Associated technologies: MongoDB, Cosmos DB, CouchDB
Categories of NoSQL Databases - Column-family:
Data are represented as a key and multiple values. Associated technologies: Cassandra, Bigtable, Hbase
Categories of NoSQL Databases - Graph:
Data are represented as a graph with nodes and edges. Associated technologies: OrientDB, Desis Labs, TigerGraph
Video explaining details about the four categories of NoSQL
https://devry.percipio.com/videos/0c098079-feaf-11e6-8638-0242c0a80b06?sharelink=JCm-FLjO_&allowFrame=true
